"vault backup: 2026-03-23 21:17:12 from Flow"

20-Knowledge/Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes.md

@@ -301,6 +301,15 @@ This is a fundamental concept in Japanese grammar that distinguishes between ver
 - **"No Need To" (〜なくてもいいです)** - *Added: 2025-12-04*: Expresses that there is no necessity to do an action. Formed from the negative `ない` form.
     - *Example: 日曜日は早く起きなくてもいいです。* (On Sundays, it's okay to not wake up early.)
 
+- **Instead of (Verb + ないで) - *Added: 2026-03-23***: Used to express doing one action instead of another.
+    - **Structure**: [Thing you didn't do] + V+ないで + [Thing you did instead]
+    - **Examples**:
+        - バスに乗らないで歩きます (I won't take the bus; I'll walk instead.)
+        - げむしないで勉強しています (I'm studying instead of playing games.)
+        - 出かけないで家で本を読んでいます (Instead of going out, I'll stay at home and read a book)
+        - 週末は出かけないで勉強するつもりです (I plan to stay in and study this weekend.)
+        - 連休は菱光しないで家で休むつもりです (I plan to spend the long weekend relaxing at home rather than going out.)
+
 - **Completion or Regret (〜てしまいます)** - *Added: 2026-01-08*: Can express completion of an action, or disappointment/regret about an action.
     - *Example (Completion)*: レポートを書いてしまいます。 (I have to finish writing the report.)
     - *Example (Regret)*: 財布が無くなってしまいました。 (My wallet is gone [and I'm sad about it].)