"vault backup: 2025-12-11 12:47:09 from Flow"

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2025-12-11 12:47:09 +09:00
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# Random Words
- 交通事項 (こうつうじこ) -> Traffic Accident
- 起きる (おきる) -> To Happen (Also means to get up)
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- Before singing, I drink water
- 寝る前に、お風呂に入ってください
- Before sleep, please take a bath
-
# Homework
- Make 5 example sentences with `みたいです`
- Make 5 example sentences with `前に`
- Review the new vocabulary
- Read the synthesized notes and prepare for next class

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# Synopsis from 2025-12-04 Class
# Synopsis from 2025-12-11 Class
This week's lesson covered two main grammar points in detail:
This week's lesson covered two main grammar points:
1. **The Conditional `(た)ら`:**
* **What it is:** A highly common and versatile way to say "if" or "when." It's used to connect two clauses, where the first clause is a condition that must be met for the second clause to happen.
* **How to form it:** You take the plain past tense of a verb (the `た-form`) and simply add `ら`. For example, `着く` (tsuku, to arrive) becomes `着いた` (tsuita), and then you add `ら` to get `着いたら` (tsuitara, "when/if you arrive").
- **For adjectives and nouns:**
- い-Adjectives: Change the final `い` to `かったら`. (e.g., `寒い` -> `寒かったら` - if it's cold)
- な-Adjectives/Nouns: Add `だったら`. (e.g., `暇` -> `暇だったら` - if you're free)
* **When to use it:** It's great for both guaranteed future events ("**When** I turn 20, I will...") and hypotheticals ("**If** I won the lottery, I would..."). It strongly implies that the first action *must* happen before the second can begin.
1. **~みたいです (Looks Like):**
* Used to create similes or make observations.
* Can be used with verbs (plain form), nouns, and adjectives.
* With nouns, it creates a metaphor ("like a computer").
* With verbs and adjectives, it's more of an observation ("looks like he is tired").
2. **Expressing "No Need To" with `なくてもいいです`:**
* **What it is:** This pattern is used to tell someone that they are not obligated to do something. It's a polite way of saying "You don't have to..." or "It's okay if you don't..."
* **How to form it:** Take the plain negative `ない` form of a verb. For example, `持つ` (motsu, to hold) becomes `持たない` (motanai). Then, you drop the final `い` and add `くてもいいです`. So, `持たない` becomes `持たなくてもいいです` (motanakutemo ii desu, "you don't have to hold it").
* **When to use it:** Use this to grant permission *not* to do something. It's the gentle opposite of giving a command. For instance, at a friend's house, you might be told `靴を脱がなくてもいいです` (kutsu o nuganakutemo ii desu), meaning "It's okay if you don't take off your shoes."
2. **前に (Before):**
* Indicates that one action happens before another.
* Used with a verb in its dictionary form or a noun with `の`.
* The verb in the `前に` clause is always non-past, non-polite.
- Make 5 example sentences with `みたいです`
- Make 5 example sentences with `前に`
- Review the new vocabulary
- Read the synthesized notes and prepare for next class

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### Nouns
- **Nouns (General):**
- 交通事項 (こうつうじこ) -> Traffic Accident
- 太陽 (たいよう) -> Sun
- 歯 (は) -> Teeth
- **People & Titles:** うんてんしゅ (driver), おとしより (elderly person), かいしゃいん (office worker), きょうだい (spiritual brother), ちょうろ (elder), 安愛がかり (あんないがかり) - Greeter, お金持ち (rich person), 奥さん (おくさん) - Wife (someone else's), 旦那さん (だんなさん) - Husband (someone else's)
- **Places:** おうこくかいかん (Kingdom Hall), くうこう (airport), こうえん (park), しやくしょ (city hall), としょかん (library), びじゅつかん (art museum), ゆうびんきょく (post office)
- **Time & Frequency:** あさって (day after tomorrow), いちにちじゅう (all day), おととい (two days ago), こんど (next time), しょうがつ / しんねん (New Years), まいしゅう (every week), 将来 (しょうらい) - near future

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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Hearsay (そうです)|Hearsay (そうです)]] - *Added: 2025-11-20*
- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Confirmation Conditions (ra)|Confirmation Conditions (ra)]] - *Added: 2025-12-04*
- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Need Not To (nakutemo iidesu)|Need Not To (nakutemo iidesu)]] - *Added: 2025-12-04*
- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Looks Like (~mitai desu)|Looks Like (~mitai desu)]] - *Added: 2025-12-11*
- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Before (mae ni)|Before (mae ni)]] - *Added: 2025-12-11*
### [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Vocabulary|Vocabulary]]
- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Nouns|Nouns]]