"vault backup: 2025-12-11 12:47:09 from Flow"
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---
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processed: true
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---
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# Random Words
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- 交通事項 (こうつうじこ) -> Traffic Accident
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- 起きる (おきる) -> To Happen (Also means to get up)
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@@ -61,4 +64,9 @@ Don't need a long initial verb clause. Can just stick a noun, add の, and then
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- Before singing, I drink water
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- 寝る前に、お風呂に入ってください
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- Before sleep, please take a bath
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-
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# Homework
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- Make 5 example sentences with `みたいです`
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- Make 5 example sentences with `前に`
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- Review the new vocabulary
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- Read the synthesized notes and prepare for next class
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# Synopsis from 2025-12-04 Class
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# Synopsis from 2025-12-11 Class
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This week's lesson covered two main grammar points in detail:
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This week's lesson covered two main grammar points:
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1. **The Conditional `(た)ら`:**
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* **What it is:** A highly common and versatile way to say "if" or "when." It's used to connect two clauses, where the first clause is a condition that must be met for the second clause to happen.
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* **How to form it:** You take the plain past tense of a verb (the `た-form`) and simply add `ら`. For example, `着く` (tsuku, to arrive) becomes `着いた` (tsuita), and then you add `ら` to get `着いたら` (tsuitara, "when/if you arrive").
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- **For adjectives and nouns:**
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- い-Adjectives: Change the final `い` to `かったら`. (e.g., `寒い` -> `寒かったら` - if it's cold)
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- な-Adjectives/Nouns: Add `だったら`. (e.g., `暇` -> `暇だったら` - if you're free)
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* **When to use it:** It's great for both guaranteed future events ("**When** I turn 20, I will...") and hypotheticals ("**If** I won the lottery, I would..."). It strongly implies that the first action *must* happen before the second can begin.
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1. **~みたいです (Looks Like):**
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* Used to create similes or make observations.
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* Can be used with verbs (plain form), nouns, and adjectives.
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* With nouns, it creates a metaphor ("like a computer").
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* With verbs and adjectives, it's more of an observation ("looks like he is tired").
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2. **Expressing "No Need To" with `なくてもいいです`:**
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* **What it is:** This pattern is used to tell someone that they are not obligated to do something. It's a polite way of saying "You don't have to..." or "It's okay if you don't..."
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* **How to form it:** Take the plain negative `ない` form of a verb. For example, `持つ` (motsu, to hold) becomes `持たない` (motanai). Then, you drop the final `い` and add `くてもいいです`. So, `持たない` becomes `持たなくてもいいです` (motanakutemo ii desu, "you don't have to hold it").
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* **When to use it:** Use this to grant permission *not* to do something. It's the gentle opposite of giving a command. For instance, at a friend's house, you might be told `靴を脱がなくてもいいです` (kutsu o nuganakutemo ii desu), meaning "It's okay if you don't take off your shoes."
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2. **前に (Before):**
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* Indicates that one action happens before another.
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* Used with a verb in its dictionary form or a noun with `の`.
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* The verb in the `前に` clause is always non-past, non-polite.
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- Make 5 example sentences with `みたいです`
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- Make 5 example sentences with `前に`
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- Review the new vocabulary
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- Read the synthesized notes and prepare for next class
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@@ -310,6 +310,10 @@ You can express potential without conjugating the verb into its unique form by u
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### Nouns
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- **Nouns (General):**
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- 交通事項 (こうつうじこ) -> Traffic Accident
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- 太陽 (たいよう) -> Sun
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- 歯 (は) -> Teeth
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- **People & Titles:** うんてんしゅ (driver), おとしより (elderly person), かいしゃいん (office worker), きょうだい (spiritual brother), ちょうろ (elder), 安愛がかり (あんないがかり) - Greeter, お金持ち (rich person), 奥さん (おくさん) - Wife (someone else's), 旦那さん (だんなさん) - Husband (someone else's)
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- **Places:** おうこくかいかん (Kingdom Hall), くうこう (airport), こうえん (park), しやくしょ (city hall), としょかん (library), びじゅつかん (art museum), ゆうびんきょく (post office)
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- **Time & Frequency:** あさって (day after tomorrow), いちにちじゅう (all day), おととい (two days ago), こんど (next time), しょうがつ / しんねん (New Years), まいしゅう (every week), 将来 (しょうらい) - near future
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@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ This Map of Content (MOC) serves as a living table of contents for all synthesiz
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Hearsay (そうです)|Hearsay (そうです)]] - *Added: 2025-11-20*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Confirmation Conditions (ra)|Confirmation Conditions (ra)]] - *Added: 2025-12-04*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Need Not To (nakutemo iidesu)|Need Not To (nakutemo iidesu)]] - *Added: 2025-12-04*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Looks Like (~mitai desu)|Looks Like (~mitai desu)]] - *Added: 2025-12-11*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Before (mae ni)|Before (mae ni)]] - *Added: 2025-12-11*
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### [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Vocabulary|Vocabulary]]
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Nouns|Nouns]]
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