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20-Knowledge/Synthesized-Chinese-Class-Notes.md

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+---
+type: Knowledge
+title: Synthesized Chinese Class Notes
+date: '2025-10-23'
+---
+
+# Synthesized Chinese Class Notes
+
+This note is a synthesized compilation of all Chinese class notes from the `10-Input` folder. The content has been organized by topic for clarity and ease of reference.
+
+## Grammar
+
+This section covers sentence structures, verb complements, and key grammatical patterns.
+
+### Sentence Patterns
+
+- **Expressing "Structure is complex"**: `SUBJECT + 的构造非常复杂 (de gòuzào fēicháng fùzá)`
+- **Estimating a Quantity**: `估计 (Gūjì) + SUBJECT + 有 (yǒu) + NUMBER + MEASURE WORD + OBJECT`
+- **Reacting to News**: `听到 (Tīng dào) + {THING HEARD}, SUBJECT + 会/很 (huì/hěn) + {FEELING}, 甚至觉得 (shènzhì juédé) + {EVEN STRONGER FEELING/REACTION}`
+- **Remembering / Forgetting**: `SUBJECT + 记得/不记得 (jìdé/bù jìdé) + OBJECT`
+- **Learning from Someone's Example**: `我们陷入 (Wǒmen xiànrù) + {SITUATION} + 时 (shí), 可以怎样向 (kěyǐ zěnyàng xiàng) + {PERSON} + 学习 (xuéxí)?`
+- **Considering the Cost**: `在 (zài) + {ACTION} + 之前 (zhīqián), 先想想你需要为此付出什么, 包括投入多少时间, 精力, 和财务 (xiān xiǎng xiǎng nǐ xūyào wèi cǐ fùchū shénme, bāokuò tóurù duōshǎo shíjiān, jīnglì, hé cáiwù)`
+- **Expressing Feelings**: `我感觉 (Wǒ gǎnjué) + 很 (hěn) + EMOTION`
+- **"Not Only..., But Also..." (Negative Emphasis)**: `SUBJECT + 不但 (bùdàn) + {BAD THING}, 反而 (fǎn'ér) + {EVEN WORSE THING}`
+- **Leaving a Matter to Someone**: `我会儿把 (Wǒ huì bǎ) + {THE MATTER} + 交给 (jiāo gěi) + {ENTITY} + 处理 (chǔlǐ)`
+- **Expressing Fear of Loss**: `我特别害怕失去 (Wǒ tèbié hàipà shīqù) + {OBJECT/CONCEPT}`
+- **"First..., Then..."**: `我想先 (Wǒ xiǎng xiān) + ACTION 1 + 再 (zài) + ACTION 2`
+- **Waiting for Something Impatiently**: `SUBJECT + 终于 (zhōngyú) + VERB + 了 (le), 我都快等死了 (Wǒ doū kuài děng sǐle)`
+- **Not Ashamed, But Proud**: `SUBJECT + 不以 (bù yǐ) + {THING} + 为耻 (wéi chǐ), 反而以 (fǎn'ér yǐ) + {THING} + 为荣 (wéi róng)`
+- **"I Just Couldn't..." (Expressing Frustration)**: `怎么就是 (zěnme jiùshì) + {UNPLEASANT RESULT}`
+- **"Tell me when..."**: `等你 (Děng nǐ) + ACTION 1 + 了告诉我 (le gàosù wǒ), 我想 (wǒ xiǎng) + ACTION 2`
+- **Using `de` for more detail**: Place `de` after a verb to add more detail to the action. `Ni chi de shenme?` (You ate what?)
+- **`Yào zǒule` - Something is going to happen**: `Subj + Yào + Verb + Optional Object + le`
+- **`bù míngbái` - I don't understand how to...**: `{{Thing you don't understand}} wǒ zhēn de {{Optional Verb}} bù míngbái.`
+
+### Verb Complements
+
+- **下来 (xiàlái)**: Indicates an action completed from beginning to end.
+- **起来 (qǐlái)**:
+    1.  Directional (low to high): `站起来` (Stand up).
+    2.  Subjective Feeling (with senses): `海鲜看起来很好吃` (The seafood looks delicious).
+- **出来 (chūlái)**: Indicates movement from inside to outside.
+- **伤 (shāng)**: A result complement indicating an action caused injury.
+
+## Vocabulary
+
+### General Words & Phrases
+
+- **想法不错 (Xiǎngfǎ bùcuò)**: Good Idea
+- **随便 (Suíbiàn)**: Whatever; anything is fine.
+- **幽默 (yōumò)**: Funny; humorous
+- **榜样 (bǎngyàng)**: Role model
+- **勇气 (yǒngqì)**: Courage
+- **包括 (bāokuò)**: To include
+- **从现在起 (cóng xiànzài qǐ)**: From now on
+- **注意 (zhùyì)**: To pay attention to
+- **安全 (ānquán)**: Safety
+- **项目 (xiàngmù)**: Project
+- **没想到 (Méi xiǎngdào)**: Didn't expect (in a good way)
+- **随机 (suíjī)**: Random
+- **尴尬 (gāngà)**: Awkward; embarrassing
+- **量 (liàng)**: Quantity
+- **失去 (shīqù)**: To lose
+- **自由 (zìyóu)**: Freedom
+- **矛盾 (máodùn)**: Contradiction
+- **憎恨 (zēnghèn)**: Hatred
+- **倾向 (qīngxiàng)**: Tendency
+
+### People & Relationships
+
+- **你是真男人 (Nǐ shì zhēn nánrén)**: You are a real man!
+- **前妻 (qiánqī)**: Ex-wife
+- **前夫 (qiánfū)**: Ex-husband
+- **前任 (qiánrèn)**: Ex (gender-neutral)
+- **老婆 (lǎopó)**: Wife (endearing term)
+- **客户 (kèhù)**: Client
+- **发型师 (fǎxíng shī)**: Hairdresser
+
+### Actions & Verbs
+
+- **留胡子 (liú húzǐ)**: To grow a beard
+- **被封了 (bèi fēngle)**: To get banned
+- **记得 (jìdé)**: To remember
+- **陷入 (xiànrù)**: To fall into / be caught by
+- **付出 (fùchū)**: To pay; to expend (cost)
+- **骑车 (qí chē)**: To ride a bike
+- **开车 (kāichē)**: To drive a car
+- **谈 (tán)**: To talk
+- **休息 (xiūxí)**: To rest / take a break
+- **遇到 (yù)**: To encounter
+- **体验 (tǐyàn)**: To experience
+- **处理 (chǔlǐ)**: To deal with / handle
+- **偷偷 (tōutōu)**: Secretly
+- **请客 (Nǐ qǐngkè!)**: Your treat!
+
+### Feelings & Emotions
+
+- **麻烦 (máfan)**: Troublesome
+- **担心 (dānxīn)**: Worried
+- **悲伤 (bēishāng)**: Sadness
+- **惊讶 (jīngyà)**: Surprised
+- **愤怒 (fènnù)**: Rage
+- **激动 (jīdòng)**: Excited (intensely)
+- **压力 (yālì)**: Pressure; stress
+- **放松 (fàngsōng)**: Relaxed
+- **肉疼 (ròuténg)**: Pain from spending a lot of money
+- **爽 (shuǎng)**: To feel good (colloquial)
+
+### Medical & Health
+
+- **个人医疗指示 (Gèrén yīliáo zhǐshì)**: Personal medical directive
+- **绝不输入 (juébù shūrù)**: Never transfuse
+- **全血 (quánxuè)**: Whole blood
+- **红细胞 (hóngxìbāo)**: Red blood cells
+- **白细胞 (báixìbāo)**: White blood cells
+- **血小板 (xuèxiǎobǎn)**: Platelets
+- **血浆 (xuèjiāng)**: Plasma
+- **治疗 (zhìliáo)**: Treatment
+- **放弃 (fàngqì)**: To give up
+- **安眠药 (Ānmiányào)**: Sleeping pills
+
+### Technology & Gaming
+
+- **生存刀 (Shēngcún dāo)**: Survival Knife
+- **指甲刀 (Zhǐjiǎ dāo)**: Nail Clippers
+- **账号 (zhànghào)**: Account (e.g., online)
+- **评测 (píngcè)**: Review (of a product)
+- **电量 (diànliàng)**: Battery life
+- **发热 (fārè)**: To generate heat
+- **游戏配件 (Yóuxì pèijiàn)**: Gaming accessories
+- **握把 (wòbǎ)**: A grip
+- **保护膜 (bǎohù mó)**: Protective film / Screen protector
+- **保护套 (bǎohù tào)**: Protective case
+- **充电宝 (chōngdiàn bǎo)**: Battery pack / Power bank
+- **数据线 (shùjù xiàn)**: Data cable
+- **掌机 (zhǎng jī)**: Handheld console
+- **3D打印 (3D dǎyìn)**: 3D Printing
+
+## Conversations
+
+### Dinner Preparation
+
+- **Wife**: 亲爱的，今天晚上想吃什么？ (Honey, what do you want to eat tonight?)
+- **Husband**: 随便，你做什么我都喜欢。(Whatever, I like anything you make.)
+- **Wife**: 那我做你最喜欢的红烧肉好不好？(Then how about I make your favorite braised pork?)
+- **Husband**: 太好了！谢谢老婆。(Great! Thank you, love.)
+
+### Coincidental Meeting at a Coffee Shop
+
+- **S**: 哎？JS! 你也在这里啊，好巧！ (Huh? JS! You're here too? What a coincidence!)
+- **JS**: 哎？Spencer? 真的是你！最近怎么样啊？好久不见了？ (Huh? Spencer? It's really you! How have you been? Long time no see!)
+- **S**: 是啊，世界真小！要不要一起坐一会儿，聊聊天儿? (Yes, it’s a small world! Do you want to sit for a while and chat?)
+
+### Discussing the Weather
+
+- **A**: 你好, 今天很热, 你也是来乘凉吗? (Hello, it's very hot today. Are you also here to cool off?)
+- **B**: 对啊，又热又吵。(Yes, it's hot and humid.)
+- **A**: 你有什么降暑的好方法吗？ (Do you have any good ways to beat the heat?)
+- **B**: 留在家里吹空调。(Stay at home and blast the air conditioning.)
+
+## Cultural Notes, Idioms & Slang
+
+- **有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎 (Yǒupéng zì yuǎnfāng lái, bù yì lè hū)**: "It is a great pleasure to have friends come from afar."
+- **人山人海 (Rénshānrénhǎi)**: "People mountain, people sea." An idiom describing huge crowds.
+- **心静自然凉 (Xīnjìng zìrán liáng)**: "A calm heart keeps you naturally cool."
+- **亦敌亦友 (Yì dí yì yǒu)**: Frenemies.
+- **厚脸皮 (hòu liǎnpí)**: "Thick-skinned." Not easily affected by criticism.
+- **冲手法 (Chōng shǒufǎ)**: Rushing to be the first to buy a new product.
+- **废了 (fèile)**: Slang for feeling exhausted.
+- **虎 (hǔ)**: Slang for fierce or reckless.
+- **电子阳痿 (Diànzǐ yángwěi)**: "Electronic impotence." Buying many games but lacking the motivation to play them.
+- **猫屎咖啡 (Māo shǐ kāfēi)**: "Cat poop coffee" (Kopi luwak).
+- **Spring Festival Customs**: Notes on traditions like **春联 (Chūnlián)** (Spring Couplets) and the character **福 (fú)** (blessing/fortune).
+- **"Wife and Mother in Water" Dilemma**: A classic tricky question: "If your mother and I fell into the water, who would you save first?"