--- processed: true --- 79674766584:0173 # Last Weeks Homework **Synopsis from Japanese Class_2026-03-23.md:** Continued Special Humble Speech (Tokubetsu no Kenjougo) with verbs like 'mairimasu' (go/come), 'orimasu' (be), and 'moushimasu' (say). Introduced the 'V-naide' pattern for expressing 'instead of' doing something. Vocabulary included clothing items (short/long sleeves, shorts) and terms like 'kouei' (honor) and 'renkyuu' (long holiday). # Random Words - 学習しました -> I learned something - 上着 - うわぎ -> Jacket - 下着 -> したぎ -> Underwear - 薄着 -> うすぎ -> Thin Clothes (Summer Clothes) - 厚着 -> あつぎ -> Thick Clothes (Winter Clothes) - 記憶喪失 -> きおくそうしつ -> Memory Loss - 離陸する -> りりくする -> To Take off (like in an airplane) - 着陸する -> ちゃくりくする -> To Land (like in an airplane) - 到着 -> とうちゃく -> Arrival - 間違う -> まちがう -> To make a mistake - 文章 -> ぶんしょ -> Documents - お見合い -> おみあい -> Arranged Marriage - 招待する -> しょうたいする -> to invite # Main Point ## Embedded Question When you want to stick a "Who/What/Where/When/Why" question into the middle of a sentence, you follow this formula: > **[Question in Plain Form] + か + [Main Verb]** The verb inside that first part **must** be in the **Plain Form** (e.g., _たべる_ instead of _たべます_). - **ビールをなんぼんのんだか、わかりません。** - _Literal:_ How many bottles drank [か], don't know. - _Natural:_ I don't know how many beers I drank. - **どこにすんでいるか、おしえてください。** - _Literal:_ Where living [か], please tell me. - _Natural:_ Please tell me where you live. - **いつかいぎがあるか、しっていますか。** - _Literal:_ When meeting is [か], do you know? - _Natural:_ Do you know when the meeting is? ### Noun / な-Adjectives When you use a **Noun** or a **な-Adjective** with this specific grammar, you **drop the "だ"**. - **Correct:** どこが不便**か**、教えてください。 (Tell me what is inconvenient.) - **Incorrect:** どこが不便~~だ~~か... No です・だ, skip it entirely. ### Whether or Not **かどうか** is used for **Yes/No questions** where there is no interrogative word (like "where" or "who"). - **If there's a question word (Who/What/etc):** Just use **か**. - **If there's NO question word:** Use **かどうか**. - **私が結婚しているかどうか、わかりません。** - "I don't know **whether or not** I am married." - _You what now?_ - **家族がいるかどうか、わかりません。** - "I don't know **if** I have family (there) **or not**." ### Examples - 事故に遭ったかどうか、覚えっていません - I don't remember if the accident happened or not - ここはどこか、私は誰か、どうしてここにいるか、かぞくがいるか、おぼえていません - I do not remember where I am, who I am, why I am here, or if I have a family. - 私はA-さんがどこにいるか、わかりません - B-さんが卒業したかどうか、知りません - I don't know whether B-san graduated or not. - いつ離陸するか、教えてください - Please tell me when we will take off. - 私は文書が間違っているかどうか、チェックします - I will check whether the document is incorrect. - 招待したの人が来るかどうか、知りません - I don't know whether the people I invited will come or not. - # Supplementary Notes - For 知っている, we can only use ています in the affirmative, not in the negative. # Homework -