"vault backup: 2026-02-18 20:16:17 from Flow"
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# Random Words
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- 異常 - いじょう - Abnormal (な Adj)
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- 二日酔い - ふつかよい - Hangover (Noun) - LIT: Second day drunk
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- 貯金 - ちょきん - Save Money
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- 貯金する -> To Save Money
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-
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# Main Point
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## 尊敬語s- そんけいごs- Honorifics
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Honorific verbs. Used in very formal situations, and only used for others. We also don't use it for people we are familiar with, so not friends or family, but maybe supervisor or elders. The rules are as follows:
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1. Take a verb
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1. Can not use any of Group 3 verbs (する, くる)
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2. Can not use any verb with only a single kana before the ~ます
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2. Turn it into polite form (~ます), then kill the ます so its just the stem
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3. Drop it in the structure お+ Verb Stem + になります
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### Examples
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- 部長はジャズをお聞きになります
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- The department head listens to jazz.
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- 社長は飛行機にお乗りになりません
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- The president does not travel by plane.
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- 先生はイタリア語をお話になります
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- The teacher speaks Italian.
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- 社長は音楽は何をお聞きになりますか
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- What kind of music do you listen to, Mr. President?
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- 社長は料理は毎日に何をお作りになりますか?
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- What kind of meals does the president cook every day?
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- 何時にいつもお出かけになりますか？
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- What time do you usually go out?
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@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
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# Random Words
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- 春分 -> しゅんぶん -> Vernal Equinox
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- 秋分 -> しゅうぶん -> Autumnal Equinox
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@@ -1,2 +1,8 @@
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# Synopsis - 2026-02-18
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- Special Respectful Verbs (Sonkeigo): いらっしゃいます, めしあがります, おっしゃいます, ごぞんじです, etc.
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- Polite Request Formulas: お + stem + ください, ご + noun + ください.
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- Rule: お for Kunyomi, ご for Onyomi.
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- Expressing gratitude: て form + ありがとうございます.
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# Homework
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-
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-
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@@ -351,27 +351,66 @@ The negative form is **~nakattara**.
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- 僕は家に早く帰ればよかった
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- I should have gone home earlier
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## 尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics - *Added: 2026-02-04*
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Honorific verbs. Used in very formal situations, and only used for others. We also don't use it for people we are familiar with, so not friends or family, but maybe supervisor or elders. The rules are as follows:
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## 尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics - *Updated: 2026-02-18*
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Honorific verbs. Used in very formal situations, and only used for others. We also don't use it for people we are familiar with, so not friends or family, but maybe supervisor or elders.
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### 1. General Rule (Formulaic)
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1. Take a verb
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1. Can not use any of Group 3 verbs (する, くる)
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2. Can not use any verb with only a single kana before the ~ます
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2. Turn it into polite form (~ます), then kill the ます so its just the stem
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3. Drop it in the structure おs+ Verb Stem + になります
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3. Drop it in the structure: **お + Verb Stem + になります**
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### Examples
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- 部長はジャズをお聞きになります
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- The department head listens to jazz.
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- 社長は飛行機にお乗りになりません
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- The president does not travel by plane.
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- 先生はイタリア語をお話になります
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- The teacher speaks Italian.
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- 社長は音楽は何をお聞きになりますか
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- What kind of music do you listen to, Mr. President?
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- 社長は料理は毎日に何をお作りになりますか?
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- What kind of meals does the president cook every day?
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- 何時にいつもお出かけになりますか？
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- What time do you usually go out?
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#### Examples
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- 部長はジャズをお聞きになります (The department head listens to jazz.)
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- 先生はイタリア語をお話になります (The teacher speaks Italian.)
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### 2. Special Respectful Verbs (Sonkeigo)
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These unique forms replace standard verbs entirely to show high respect.
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| Polite Form (Masu) | Special Respectful Verbs | Meaning |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| いきます / きます / います | **いらっしゃいます** | To go / To come / To be |
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| たべます / のみます | **めしあがります** | To eat / To drink |
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| いいます | **おっしゃいます** | To say |
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| しっています | **ごぞんじです** | To know |
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| しりません | **ごぞんじじゃありません** | To not know |
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| みます | **ごらんになります** | To see / To look at |
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| します | **なさいます** | To do |
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| くれます | **くださいます** | To give (to me) |
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#### Examples
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- 課長はお弁当をめしあがります (The chief will have lunch.)
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- 課長は中国語を勉強なさっています (The section chief is studying Chinese.)
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- 普段どこで映画をご覧になりますか？ (Where do you usually watch movies?)
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### 3. Polite Request Formulas
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Used to give instructions or make requests more politely than 〜てください.
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#### Formulas by Verb Group
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- **Group 1 & 2:** **お + 【Verb stem】 + ください**
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- **おはいりください** (Please enter)
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- **おかかけください** (Please have a seat)
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- **Group 3 (Sino-Japanese):** **ご + 【Noun/Stem】 + ください**
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- **ごれんらくください** (Please contact us)
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- **ごちゅういください** (Please be careful)
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- **\* おでんわください** (Exception: uses お instead of ご)
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#### Special Respectful Requests
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- **【Verb て form】 + ください + ます**
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- **いらっしゃってください** (Please come/go/be)
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- **Specific Special Requests:**
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- **おめしあがりください** (Please eat/drink) - *Can also say めしあがってください*
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- **ごらんください** (Please look) - *ご覧になってください also works*
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---
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### Usage Note: お vs ご Prefix
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- **お:** Use with traditional Japanese words (Kunyomi).
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- **ご:** Use with Sino-Japanese words (Onyomi).
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### Expressing Gratitude
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- **【て form of action】 + ありがとうございます** (Thank you for [doing something])
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## Describing Body States - *Added: 2026-01-21*
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When describing a person's current physical state (like being slim or overweight), it's common to use the `～ている` form of a verb. This describes the result of a change that has occurred and is ongoing. This is different from using a simple い-adjective, which often describes the inherent quality of an object.
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@@ -442,6 +481,13 @@ Compare this with an い-adjective like `太い` (futoi), which means "thick" or
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- 貯金 - ちょきん - Save Money
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- 貯金する -> To Save Money
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### Vocabulary - 2026-02-18
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- **春分 (しゅんぶん)** - Vernal Equinox
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- **秋分 (しゅうぶん)** - Autumnal Equinox
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- **普段 (ふだん)** - Usually
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- **受付 (うけつけ)** - Reception
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- **お見舞い (おみまい)** - Get well soon gifts
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### Verbs
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- **あう (会う)** - To meet
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@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ This Map of Content (MOC) serves as a living table of contents for all synthesiz
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#~ように|~ように]] - *Added: 2025-12-31*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Grammar - 2026-01-14#Connecting Sentences with と|Connecting Sentences with と]] - *Added: 2026-01-14*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Grammar - 2026-01-14#ながら -> Multi Tasking|ながら -> Multi Tasking]] - *Added: 2026-01-14*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics|尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics]] - *Added: 2026-02-04*
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics|尊敬語 - そんけいご - Honorifics]] - *Updated: 2026-02-18*
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### [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Vocabulary|Vocabulary]]
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- [[Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes#Nouns|Nouns]]
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