"vault backup: 2026-01-29 22:48:30 from Flow"

10-Input/Classes/Japanese Class_2026-01-21.md

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-# Last Weeks Homework
-Synopsis for Japanese Class_2026-01-14.md:
-This class covered new vocabulary including `少しずつ` (little by little), `自由` (freedom), and `自動販売機` (vending machine). New grammar points included connecting sentences with `と` for natural consequences, and using `ながら` for multi-tasking.
-
-# Random Words
-- 育てる -> そだてる -> To Raise (transitive)
-- 育つ -> そだつ -> To raise (intransitive)
-- 習慣 -> しゅうかん -> Habit/Custom
-- 変わる -> かわる -> To change (intransitive)
-- 変える -> かえる　-> To change (transitive)
-- 噓をつく -> To Tell a lie
-
-# Main Point
-## Using の as a placeholder
-You can use の as a placeholder for an aforementioned object. We know this already
-
-A: 何が好きですか？
-B:　時計が好きです。
-A:　どちらのが好きです？
-B：たかいのがすきです。
-
-For verbs, we can't use a conjugated form, we have to use the dictionary form (ふつうけい), and then stick の　after it. This changes the verb to a noun, and makes it available to use as a subject/topic
-
-歌うのは楽しいです
-
-The verb is 歌う, which is a verb. We stick の after it, the dictionary form, and this turns it into a noun. It can be in present or past tense, and it can be in positive or negative form, but it has to be in regular form, NOT polite form. 
-
-- 温泉に入るのが好きです
-	- I like being in an Onsen
-- 携帯を使いながら自転車に乗るのは危ないです
-	- Using a phone while riding a bike is dangerous
-- 子供を育てるのは大変です。
-	- Raising a child is very hard
-- 習慣を変えるのは難しいです
-	- Changing a habit is difficult
-- 一か月でN1の試験に合格するのは無理です
-	- It's impossible to pass the N1 exam in just one month.
-- 噓をつくのはまずいです
-	- Lying is bad
-- 私はAさんが中国語を勉強しているのを知っています
-	- I know that A-san is studying Chinese
-	- Notice: you can use の for other things to, not just before は. It turns the entire verb phrase into a noun.
-- 私はAさんがタバコを吸わないのを知っています
-	- I know that Aーさん doesn't smoke.
-	- Notice: You can use it for negative sentences too.
-- 彼はBさんたちが来月に結婚するのを知っています。
-	- He knows that B and her partner are getting married next month.
-- 彼女はBさんに赤ちゃんが生まれたのを知っています
-	- She knows that B-San *had* a baby
-	- Notice: This is using PAST tense. It can be in any tense, but needs to be in regular form still.
-- 彼女は九時半に会議があるのを覚えています
-	- She remembered she had a meeting at 9:30
-- 彼女は四年前にこの人と会ったのを覚えています
-	- She remembers meeting this person four years ago.
-- お医者さんから、"お酒を飲んではいけない"、と言われたのを覚えています
-	- I remember the doctor telling me not to drink alcohol.
-# Supplementary Notes
-## Describing Body States
-When describing a person's current physical state (like being slim or overweight), it's common to use the `～ている` form of a verb. This describes the result of a change that has occurred and is ongoing. This is different from using a simple い-adjective, which often describes the inherent quality of an object.
-
-- 痩せる -> やせる -> To become slim
-	- 痩せている -> (He/She) is slim (existing in a slim state)
-- 太る -> ふとる -> To become fat
-	- 太っている -> (He/She) is fat (existing in a state of being fat)
-
-Compare this with an い-adjective like `太い` (futoi), which means "thick" or "fat." You would use this for objects or specific body parts, not typically to describe a person's overall state in a polite context.
-- e.g., `太い腕` (futoi ude) -> A thick arm.

10-Input/Classes/Japanese Class_2026-01-28.md

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+
 # Random Words
 - 種類 -> しゅるい -> Type
 - 雑種 -> ざっしゅ -> Mutt, also works for cats

10-Input/Classes/Japanese_Homework.md

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 # Homework
-- Review the new grammar points: `~てしまいます` and connecting sentences with `と`.
+- 

20-Knowledge/Synthesized-Japanese-Class-Notes.md

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     - *Example (past tense)*: *彼女はBさんに赤ちゃんが生まれたのを知っています。* (She knows that B-san had a baby.)
     - *Example: 彼は食べるのがゆっくりです* (His eating is slow)
 
+## Passive Verb Tense - *Added: 2026-01-28*
+This turns something like "To Scold" to "To be Scolded by"
+### Group 1 Verbs (godan) 
+Take the ~u sound, and change it to ~aれる. If the ending kana is う, it changes to われる
+	- しかる　-> しかられる
+	- さそう -> さそわれる
+### Group 2 Verbs (Ichidan)
+Take the ～る、and turn it into ～られる
+- 食べる -> 食べられる
+
+### Group 3 Verbs
+する -> される
+	- 輸入する -> 輸入される // To Import -> To import by
+くる -> こられる
+	- 持ってくる -> 持ってこられる // To bring -> To be brought by
+
+## Conditional Forms - *Added: 2026-01-28*
+### 1. The ~eba (~えば) Form
+
+This is often called the **"Logical If."** Use this when focusing on the condition required to achieve a specific result.
+
+- **How to form it:** **Verbs:** Change the final _~u_ sound to _~e_ and add _ば_. (e.g., _Iku_ → _Ikeba_)
+    
+    - **I-Adjectives:** Drop the final _~i_, add _~kereba_. (e.g., _Samui_ → _Samukereba_)
+        
+- **The Vibe:** It’s very "If A happens, then B will definitely follow." It is often used for instructions, proverbs, or mathematical certainties.
+    
+
+### 2. The Nakereba (なければ) Form
+
+This is simply the **negative version of ~eba**. It translates to **"If "something" does not happen."** 
+
+- **How to form it:** Take the negative (_nai_) form of a verb, drop the _~i_, and add _~kereba_.
+    
+- **Example:** _Tabenai_ (don't eat) → _Tabenakereba_ (If I don't eat).
+    
+- **Common Use:** You’ll see this in the phrase for "must": _~nakereba narimasen_ (lit: "If you don't do it, it won't be okay").
+- Can also stick "よかった" after it to mean "I wish I "
+    
+
+---
+
+### 3. The ~tara (~ら) Form
+
+This is the **"Conversational If."** It is the most versatile and common conditional in spoken Japanese.
+
+- **How to form it:** Take the **past tense** of the verb/adjective and add _~ra_.
+    
+    - **Verbs:** _Itta_ (went) → _Ittara_ (If/when I go).
+        
+    - **Adjectives:** _Samukatta_ (was cold) → _Samukattara_ (If it's cold).
+        
+- **The Vibe:** It can mean "if" (hypothetical) or "when" (temporal). It’s very safe to use in almost any casual situation.
+    
+#### What is the negative of ~tara?
+
+The negative form is **~nakattara**.
+
+- **How to form it:** Take the negative past tense (_~nakatta_) and add _~ra_.
+    
+- **Example:** _Ikanakatta_ (didn't go) → _Ikanakattara_ (If I don't go/If I hadn't gone).
+
+### Examples
+- 僕はもっと勉強すればよかった
+	- I should have studied more
+- 僕は家に早く帰ればよかった
+	- I should have gone home earlier
+
 ## Describing Body States - *Added: 2026-01-21*
 When describing a person's current physical state (like being slim or overweight), it's common to use the `～ている` form of a verb. This describes the result of a change that has occurred and is ongoing. This is different from using a simple い-adjective, which often describes the inherent quality of an object.