205 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
205 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: Classes
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title: 09/08/2025 - Japanese Class
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date: '2025-09-08'
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---
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次回: 79674766584:0173
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# RANDOM WORDS
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ひれ酒 -> Sake that they stick fins in. *Yikes*
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使いやすい -> easy to use
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もみじ・こうよう・紅葉 -> Autumn Leaves
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# Try To -> みる
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When saying your trying to do something, you conjugate the verb your trying to do into て form, and then add みる at the end.
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Note, this is NOT 見る, this is its own thing, just みる by itself.
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新しいレストランに行ってみよう -> Let's go to a new restaurant
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Notice the volitional form. Not required, but adds some flare
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刺身を食べてみます -> I'll try the sashimi
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彼女は服を着ってみます
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この服は着って見ってもいいですか ->
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この靴はサイズが合いますか？履いてみてもいいですか？ -> Are these shoes the right size? Can I try them on?
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この辞書は使いやすいですか？見てみてもいいですか？-> These shoes fit my size?
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ピアノは音がいいですか？引いてみてもいいですか？ -> Does the piano sound good? Can I play it?
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# If / なら
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The Japanese grammar point **なら (nara)** is a versatile conditional particle that expresses **hypothetical situations**, **contrasts**, or **provides information based on a premise**. It's often translated as "if," "if it's about," or "in that case."
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Here's a breakdown of its main uses:
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## 1. Conditional Statements (If...)
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**なら** can be used to create conditional sentences, similar to **ば (ba)** or **たら (tara)**, but it often implies a more specific or hypothetical condition.
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- **Structure:**
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- Noun/な-adjective + なら
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- い-adjective + なら (less common, usually the stem + なら)
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- Verb (plain form) + なら
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- **Meaning:** "If [condition] is true/happens, then..."
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- So like, its an if/then statement type logic particle.
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- **Examples:**
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- **時間があるなら**、手伝ってください。(Jikan ga **aru nara**, tetsudatte kudasai.)
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- "**If** you have time, please help me."
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- **雨なら**、家で映画を見ます。(**Ame nara**, ie de eiga o mimasu.)
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- "**If** it's rain(ing), I'll watch a movie at home."
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- **疲れているなら**、休みましょう。(**Tsukarete iru nara**, yasumimashou.)
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- "**If** you are tired, let's rest."
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- **日本へ行くなら**、お土産を買ってきてください。(**Nihon e iku nara**, omiyage o katte kite kudasai.)
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- "**If** you go to Japan, please bring back souvenirs."
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**Comparison with ば (ba) and たら (tara):**
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- **ば (ba):** Tends to express more general, natural consequences or conditions.
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- **たら (tara):** Often used for specific past events or completed actions as a condition.
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- **なら (nara):** Frequently used when the condition is about a specific **topic** or **person**, or when introducing a **hypothetical scenario**.
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## 2. Referring to a Specific Topic/Thing (If it's about...)
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This is a very common use of **なら**. It's used to focus on a particular subject and then provide information related to it.
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- **Structure:**
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- Topic/Noun + なら
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- **Meaning:** "If it's about [topic]," "Regarding [topic]," "When it comes to [topic]."
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- **Examples:**
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- **寿司なら、** この店が一番おいしいです。(**Sushi nara**, kono mise ga ichiban oishii desu.)
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- "**If it's about sushi / When it comes to sushi,** this restaurant is the most delicious."
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- **田中さんのことなら、** 何でも知っていますよ。(**Tanaka-san no koto nara**, nandemo shitte imasu yo.)
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- "**If it's about Mr./Ms. Tanaka,** I know everything."
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- **この仕事なら、** 私に任せてください。(**Kono shigoto nara**, watashi ni makasete kudasai.)
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- "**If it's this job / Regarding this job,** leave it to me."
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## 3. Contrast or Alternative (Instead of...)
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**なら** can sometimes imply a contrast or suggest an alternative.
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- **Structure:**
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- Option A + なら + Option B (or different action)
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- **Meaning:** "If it's [Option A], then (but if not/alternatively) [Option B]."
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- **Example:**
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- 映画を見る**なら**、もっと静かな場所がいいです。(Eiga o miru **nara**, motto shizuka na basho ga ii desu.)
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- "**If** you're going to watch a movie, a quieter place would be better." (Implies: but for other activities, a loud place might be okay.)
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## 4. Introducing Information or a Decision based on a Premise
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**なら** can introduce a logical consequence or a decision made based on the preceding statement.
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- **Structure:**
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- Previous statement/premise + なら (followed by a new statement/decision)
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- **Meaning:** "In that case," "Then," "So."
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- **Examples:**
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- A: 「明日、仕事が休みです。」(Ashita, shigoto ga yasumi desu. - "Tomorrow, work is off.")
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B: 「**そうなら**、一緒に買い物に行きましょう。」(**Sou nara**, issho ni kaimono ni ikimashou. - "**In that case/Then,** let's go shopping together.")
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- A: 「この本は面白くないです。」(Kono hon wa omoshirokunai desu. - "This book isn't interesting.")
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B: 「**なら**、他の本を借りましょう。」(**Nara**, hoka no hon o karimashou. - "**Then,** let's borrow another book.")
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## Key Points to Remember:
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- **Politeness:** **なら** itself is neutral. The politeness of the sentence depends on the verb or copula used at the end (e.g., です/ます for polite speech, plain form for casual speech).
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- **Not for general truths:** While it can be conditional, **なら** is often less about natural laws (like "If you heat water, it boils") and more about specific hypothetical situations, topics, or decisions. For general truths, **と (to)** is more common.
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- **Usage with pronouns:** **なら** can be used with pronouns like **そう (sou - like that)** and **それ (sore - that)** to refer back to a previous statement, as seen in "Sou nara" (In that case).
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らめんが美味しいところがありますか？ らめんならいちらんが美味しいですよ
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Another common use of なら is answer a question by setting a limit on possible results. Kind of only means "only" here.
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英語ができますか？ -> 少しならできます
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Can you speak english? -> Only a little bit.
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日本語が読みますか？ -> ひらがななら読みます。
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Can you read Japanese? -> I can only read hiragana.
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紅葉がいいところがありますか？紅葉なら京都が綺麗ところですよ
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英語の先生なら大学にいますよ -> If english teachers, they are at University
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山に登ろなら北海道がいいですよう ->
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日本に行くなら刺身が食べたいです -> If I go to Japan, I want to eat sashimi.
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北海道に行くならスキーがしたいです -> If I go to Hokkaido, I want to go skiing
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いい人がいるなら結婚したいんです -> If I find a good person, I want to get married.
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# Discussing Intervals
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週二回 -> Twice a week (LIT: week, two times)
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週二回英語を見ました -> Two times in a week I saw a movie
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日三回ご飯を食べます -> Eat three times a day
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日に二時間テレビを見ます -> Two hours
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日に四時間本を読みます -> I read four hours a day
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月何回運動しますか？
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週に何時間勉強しますか？ -> How many hours a week do you study?
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年に何回旅行しますか？ -> How many times a year do you travel?
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次回: 79674766584:0173
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