Last Weeks Homework

Synopsis from Japanese Class_2026-03-23.md: Continued Special Humble Speech (Tokubetsu no Kenjougo) with verbs like 'mairimasu' (go/come), 'orimasu' (be), and 'moushimasu' (say). Introduced the 'V-naide' pattern for expressing 'instead of' doing something. Vocabulary included clothing items (short/long sleeves, shorts) and terms like 'kouei' (honor) and 'renkyuu' (long holiday).

Random Words

学習しました -> I learned something
上着 - うわぎ -> Jacket
下着 -> したぎ -> Underwear
薄着 -> うすぎ -> Thin Clothes (Summer Clothes)
厚着 -> あつぎ -> Thick Clothes (Winter Clothes)
記憶喪失 -> きおくそうしつ -> Memory Loss
離陸する -> りりくする -> To Take off (like in an airplane)
着陸する -> ちゃくりくする -> To Land (like in an airplane)
- 到着 -> とうちゃく -> Arrival
間違う -> まちがう -> To make a mistake
文章 -> ぶんしょ -> Documents
お見合い -> おみあい -> Arranged Marriage
招待する -> しょうたいする -> to invite

Main Point

Embedded Question

When you want to stick a "Who/What/Where/When/Why" question into the middle of a sentence, you follow this formula:

[Question in Plain Form] + か + [Main Verb]

The verb inside that first part must be in the Plain Form (e.g., たべる instead of たべます).

卵がいくつありますか？
- How many eggs are there?
分かりません
- Don't know

For using questions as the main subject: Instead of saying that, you can answer the question more clearly by using か. The verb HAS to be in regular form, so it would look like this for the above:

卵がいくつあるか、わかりません -> As for the amount of eggs, I don't know.

【Plain formだ】か、 { 分かりませんおしえてくださいしっていますか etc.

・ビールをなんぼんのんだか、わかりません。 I don't how many bottles I drank ・どこにすんでいるか、おしえてください。 Where you live, please tell me ・いつかいぎがあるか、しっていますか。 Do you know where the meeting is?

Can add どうか after the か to mean "or not". Kind of same meaning, just adds clarity. - 私が結婚しているかどうか、わかりません - I don't know if I'm married or not. - 家族がいるかどうか、わかりません - I don't know if my family is here or not

Examples

事故に遭ったかどうか、覚えっていません
- I don't remember if the accident happened or not
ここはどこか、私は誰か、どうしてここにいるか、かぞくがいるか、おぼえていません
- I do not remember where I am, who I am, why I am here, or if I have a family.
私はA-さんがどこにいるか、わかりません
B-さんが卒業したかどうか、知りません
- I don't know whether B-san graduated or not.
いつ離陸するか、教えてください
- Please tell me when we will take off.
私は文書が間違っているかどうか、チェックします
- I will check whether the document is incorrect.
招待したの人が来るかどうか、知りません
- I don't know whether the people I invited will come or not.

Supplementary Notes

- For 知っている, we can only use ています in the affirmative, not in the negative.

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