83 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
83 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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processed: true
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---
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79674766584:0173
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# Last Weeks Homework
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**Synopsis from Japanese Class_2026-03-23.md:** Continued Special Humble Speech (Tokubetsu no Kenjougo) with verbs like 'mairimasu' (go/come), 'orimasu' (be), and 'moushimasu' (say). Introduced the 'V-naide' pattern for expressing 'instead of' doing something. Vocabulary included clothing items (short/long sleeves, shorts) and terms like 'kouei' (honor) and 'renkyuu' (long holiday).
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# Random Words
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- 学習しました -> I learned something
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- 上着 - うわぎ -> Jacket
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- 下着 -> したぎ -> Underwear
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- 薄着 -> うすぎ -> Thin Clothes (Summer Clothes)
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- 厚着 -> あつぎ -> Thick Clothes (Winter Clothes)
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- 記憶喪失 -> きおくそうしつ -> Memory Loss
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- 離陸する -> りりくする -> To Take off (like in an airplane)
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- 着陸する -> ちゃくりくする -> To Land (like in an airplane)
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- 到着 -> とうちゃく -> Arrival
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- 間違う -> まちがう -> To make a mistake
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- 文章 -> ぶんしょ -> Documents
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- お見合い -> おみあい -> Arranged Marriage
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- 招待する -> しょうたいする -> to invite
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# Main Point
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## Embedded Question
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When you want to stick a "Who/What/Where/When/Why" question into the middle of a sentence, you follow this formula:
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> **[Question in Plain Form] + か + [Main Verb]**
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The verb inside that first part **must** be in the **Plain Form** (e.g., _たべる_ instead of _たべます_).
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- **ビールをなんぼんのんだか、わかりません。**
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- _Literal:_ How many bottles drank [か], don't know.
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- _Natural:_ I don't know how many beers I drank.
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- **どこにすんでいるか、おしえてください。**
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- _Literal:_ Where living [か], please tell me.
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- _Natural:_ Please tell me where you live.
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- **いつかいぎがあるか、しっていますか。**
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- _Literal:_ When meeting is [か], do you know?
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- _Natural:_ Do you know when the meeting is?
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### Noun / な-Adjectives
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When you use a **Noun** or a **な-Adjective** with this specific grammar, you **drop the "だ"**.
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- **Correct:** どこが不便**か**、教えてください。 (Tell me what is inconvenient.)
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- **Incorrect:** どこが不便~~だ~~か...
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No です・だ, skip it entirely.
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### Whether or Not
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**かどうか** is used for **Yes/No questions** where there is no interrogative word (like "where" or "who").
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- **If there's a question word (Who/What/etc):** Just use **か**.
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- **If there's NO question word:** Use **かどうか**
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- **私が結婚しているかどうか、わかりません。**
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- "I don't know **whether or not** I am married."
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- _You what now?_
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- **家族がいるかどうか、わかりません。**
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- "I don't know **if** I have family (there) **or not**."
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### Examples
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- 事故に遭ったかどうか、覚えっていません
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- I don't remember if the accident happened or not
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- ここはどこか、私は誰か、どうしてここにいるか、かぞくがいるか、おぼえていません
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- I do not remember where I am, who I am, why I am here, or if I have a family.
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- 私はA-さんがどこにいるか、わかりません
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- B-さんが卒業したかどうか、知りません
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- I don't know whether B-san graduated or not.
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- いつ離陸するか、教えてください
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- Please tell me when we will take off.
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- 私は文書が間違っているかどうか、チェックします
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- I will check whether the document is incorrect.
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- 招待したの人が来るかどうか、知りません
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- I don't know whether the people I invited will come or not.
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# Supplementary Notes
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- For 知っている, we can only use ています in the affirmative, not in the negative.
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# Homework
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