81 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
81 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
# 01 - An Overview of the Myers-Briggs System
|
|
|
|
**Objective:** To establish a foundational understanding of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) framework, its core components, and the underlying principles that govern personality type.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Introduction: What is the MBTI?
|
|
|
|
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is not a test that boxes people in, but a model that describes an individual's **preferred** way of operating in the world. It was developed by Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs during World War II, based on Carl Jung's theory of psychological types.
|
|
|
|
The core idea is that much of the seemingly random variation in human behavior is actually quite orderly and consistent, being due to basic differences in the ways individuals prefer to use their perception and judgment.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## The Core Components: Dichotomies & Functions
|
|
|
|
The system can be understood on two levels:
|
|
|
|
1. **The Four Dichotomies:** Four pairs of opposing preferences that create the four-letter type code (e.g., INFJ). This is the "what."
|
|
2. **The Eight Cognitive Functions:** The mental processes that explain *how* those preferences manifest. This is the "why."
|
|
|
|
### Part 1: The Four Dichotomies (The Preferences)
|
|
|
|
These are the fundamental building blocks of the 16 types.
|
|
|
|
| Dichotomy | Question It Answers | Description |
|
|
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
|
|
| **Introversion (I) vs. Extraversion (E)** | "Where do you focus your energy?" | **E:** Energy directed outward to people and things. **I:** Energy directed inward to ideas and concepts. |
|
|
| **Sensing (S) vs. Intuition (N)** | "How do you perceive information?" | **S:** Trusts the tangible, concrete, and present. **N:** Trusts patterns, possibilities, and future implications. |
|
|
| **Thinking (T) vs. Feeling (F)** | "How do you make decisions?" | **T:** Prefers objective logic and impersonal criteria. **F:** Prefers personal values and group harmony. |
|
|
| **Judging (J) vs. Perceiving (P)** | "How do you orient to the outer world?" | **J:** Prefers a planned, decided, and orderly life. **P:** Prefers a flexible, spontaneous, and open-ended life. |
|
|
|
|
### Part 2: The Cognitive Functions (The Processes)
|
|
|
|
These are the eight "modes of thinking" that everyone uses, but in a different order of preference. They are the true engine of the personality.
|
|
|
|
- **Perceiving Functions (Taking in information):**
|
|
- `Se` (Extraverted Sensing)
|
|
- `Si` (Introverted Sensing)
|
|
- `Ne` (Extraverted Intuition)
|
|
- `Ni` (Introverted Intuition)
|
|
|
|
- **Judging Functions (Making decisions):**
|
|
- `Te` (Extraverted Thinking)
|
|
- `Ti` (Introverted Thinking)
|
|
- `Fe` (Extraverted Feeling)
|
|
- `Fi` (Introverted Feeling)
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Basic Principles & Patterns
|
|
|
|
### 1. The Function Stack
|
|
|
|
No type uses only four functions. Each of the 16 types has a "stack" or hierarchy of all eight functions, but the top four are the most conscious and accessible.
|
|
|
|
- **Dominant (1st):** The "Hero." Your most natural and developed process. The core of your consciousness.
|
|
- **Auxiliary (2nd):** The "Parent." Supports the Dominant and is the primary way you interact with the world outside of your dominant orientation. It provides balance.
|
|
- **Tertiary (3rd):** The "Child." A source of relief and creativity, but can be immature when relied upon too heavily.
|
|
- **Inferior (4th):** The "Aspiration." Your greatest weakness and a source of stress, but also a gateway for growth. It's what you aspire to, but struggle with.
|
|
|
|
### 2. The J/P Switch
|
|
|
|
The `J` or `P` in a type code is crucial. It tells you which of your primary functions is **extraverted**.
|
|
|
|
- For **J-types**, their preferred **Judging** function (Thinking or Feeling) is extraverted.
|
|
- For **P-types**, their preferred **Perceiving** function (Sensing or Intuition) is extraverted.
|
|
|
|
**Example:**
|
|
- **INFJ:** The `J` indicates their Judging function (Feeling) is extraverted (`Fe`).
|
|
- **INFP:** The `P` indicates their Perceiving function (Intuition) is extraverted (`Ne`).
|
|
|
|
### 3. Introverted vs. Extraverted Types
|
|
|
|
The first letter (I or E) determines the orientation of the **dominant** function.
|
|
|
|
- **Extraverted Types (e.g., ENTP):** Their dominant function is extraverted (`Ne`). They lead with their outer-world process.
|
|
- **Introverted Types (e.g., INTP):** Their dominant function is introverted (`Ti`). They lead with their inner-world process.
|
|
|
|
This foundational knowledge is the key to moving beyond stereotypes and truly understanding the mechanics of personality type.
|