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20-Knowledge/.gitkeep
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---
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type: Classes
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title: Chinese Class - 11/28/24
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date: '2024-11-28'
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---
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# Homework
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- Gēn wǒ shuō shuō
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- Tell me about.....
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- Gēn wǒ shuō shuō ni de Hánguó de jiemei
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- Gēn wǒ shuō shuō ni de xin gongzuo
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- Gēn wǒ shuō shuō nǐ de lǚxíng
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- biǎobái
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- To confess
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- wo biǎobáile, Dàn tā xiǎng děngdài
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- Wǒ rènwéi nǐ yīnggāi biǎobái
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- Chúfēi nǐ biǎobái, Nǐ yǒngyuǎn bù huì zhīdào
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- Zài {Aspect} fāngmiàn nǐ shì wǒ de dàgē | Bǎngyàng | etc.
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- In the aspect of {Aspect}, you are my Senpai | Example | etc.
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- Zài Zhōngwen fāngmiàn, nǐ shì wǒ de laoshi
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- Zài yóuxì fāngmiàn, nǐ shì wǒ de dàgē
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- Zài Chuándào fāngmiàn nǐ shì wǒ de Bǎngyàng
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# Random Words
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感恩节 -> Gǎn'ēn jié -> Gratitude Festival -> Thanksgiving Day
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今天是感恩节
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Jīntiān shì gǎn'ēn jié
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Today is Thanksgiving
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我们昨天这里下大雪了
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Wǒmen zuótiān zhèlǐ xià dàxuěle
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It snowed heavily here yesterday.
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# Directional Verb Compliment - **qǐlái**
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## Usage 1
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We say in english "Stand Up" if you want the user to stand in an upward direction. Chinese has the same thing. They say:
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**Verb + qǐlái**
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qǐlái - serves as a directional compliment, an action moving from low to high
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站起来
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Zhàn qǐlái
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Stand up
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跳起来
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Tiào qǐlái
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Jump up
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收到PS5Pro以后,我跳起来了
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Shōu dào PS5Pro yǐhòu, wǒ tiào qǐláile
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After receiving the PS5Pro, I jumped up
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飞机飞起来了
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Fēijī fēi qǐláile
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The plane took off.
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LIT: The Plane flew from low to high.
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## Usage 2
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When it comes to the five senses, we use qǐlái as a virtual direction to express subjective feelings.
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I have no idea what that actually means, but adding it at the end of a verb shifts the verb to something that is subjective about the subject. Note, this only applies to the five sense verbs (kàn, tīng, wé, chàng, mō) So instead of "The Seafood is looking at something delicious" it becomes "the seafood looks delicious“
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海鲜看起来很好吃
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Hǎixiān **kàn qǐlái** hěn hào chī
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The seafood **looks** delicious
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我看起来太帅了
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Wǒ kàn qǐlái tài shuàile
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I look so handsome
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我的日本姐妹看起来很聪明
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Wǒ de rìběn jiěmèi kàn qǐlái hěn cōngmíng
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My Japanese sister looks smart
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这些游戏看起来很好玩儿
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Zhèxiē yóuxì kàn qǐlái hěn hǎowán er
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These games look fun.
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这首歌听起来很好听|
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Zhè shǒu gē tīng qǐlái hěn hǎotīng
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This song sounds nice
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你的圣经朗读听起来很清楚
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Nǐ de shèngjīng lǎngdú tīng qǐlái hěn qīngchǔ
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Your Bible reading sounds clear
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你的演讲听起来很鼓励人
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Nǐ de yǎnjiǎng tīng qǐlái hěn gǔlì rén
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Your speech sounds very encouraging.
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火鸡闻起来太香了
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Huǒ jī wén qǐlái tài xiāngle
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The turkey smells so good.
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我爸爸的脚闻起来太臭了
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Wǒ bàba de jiǎo wén qǐlái tài chòule
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My dad's feet smell so bad
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土豆唱起来太好吃了
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Tǔdòu chàng qǐlái tài hào chīle
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Potatoes sound so delicious
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游戏手柄摸起来太好了
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Yóuxì shǒubǐng mō qǐlái tài hǎole
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The game controller feels so good
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我的头发摸起来很粗糙
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Wǒ de tóufǎ mō qǐlái hěn cūcāo
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My hair feels rough
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# Homework
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2 sentences by using Usage 1 of qilai (x2)
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- Měi gèrén, qing Zhàn qǐlái.
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- Ruguo Fēijī fēi qǐláile, Wǒ huì shēngbìng
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2 sentences for each senses (x10)
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- Zhège rìběn jiěmèi Kanqilai hrn kě'ài
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- Nà fèn gōngzuò Kanqilai hen Nán
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- Zhè shǒu gē tingqilai hen hǎotīng
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- Nà zàoyīn tingqilai hen Nǎorén
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- ta Wénqilai tai huaile
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- zhe ge Shíwù Wénqilai hen haochi
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- nage chángqilai hen Xīnlà
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- Zhongguocai changqilai feichang haochi
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- Nà bǎ yǐzǐ mōqiali hen Shūfú
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- Nà zhāng cháng dèng mōqiali hen Qǐ gēda
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20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Adjective Conjugation I and NA.md
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20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Adjective Conjugation I and NA.md
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---
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type: Classes
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title: 04/23/2025 - Japanese Class
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date: '2025-04-23'
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---
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- **体制** (たいせい - taisei): System, structure
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- **この体制** (この たいせい - kono taisei): This system
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- **差団の体制** (さだん の たいせい - sadan no taisei): Satan's system
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- **年に一度** (とし に いちど - toshi ni ichido): Once a year
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- **年** (とし - toshi): Year
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- **に** (ni): Particle, indicating frequency
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- **一度** (いちど - ichido): Once
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- **運転する** (うんてんする - unten suru): To drive
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- **運転手** (うんてんしゅ - untenshu): Driver
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**形容詞 (けいようし - Keiyoushi - Adjectives)**
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.png)
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[image](Images/image%20(36).md)
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**い-形容詞 (い-けいようし - i-keiyoushi)**
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**Rules for Conjugation:**
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- Negative: Replace "い" with "くない" (kunai)
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- Past tense: Replace "い" with "かった" (katta)
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- Negative past tense: Replace "い" with "くなかった" (kunakatta)
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- Ends in "い" (i).
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- Can be placed directly before a noun without a particle.
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- **忙しい** (いそがしい - isogashii): Busy
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- 現在形: いそがしい (isogashii)
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- 否定形: いそがしくない (isogashikunai)
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- 過去形: いそがしかった (isogashikatta)
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- 否定過去形: いそがしくなかった (isogashikunakatta)
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- **大きい** (おおきい - ookii): Big
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- 現在形: おおきい (ookii)
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- 否定形: おおきくない (ookikunai)
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- 過去形: おおきかった (ookikatta)
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- 否定過去形: おおきくなかった (ookikunakatta)
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- **安い** (やすい - yasui): Cheap
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- 現在形: やすい (yasui)
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- 否定形: やすくない (yasukunai)
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- 過去形: やすかった (yasukatta)
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- 否定過去形: やすくなかった (yasukunakatta)
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- **新しい** (あたらしい - atarashii): New
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- 現在形: あたらしい (atarashii)
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- 否定形: あたらしくない (atarashikunai)
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- 過去形: あたらしかった (atarashikatta)
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- 否定過去形: あたらしくなかった (atarashikunakatta)
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- **古い** (ふるい - furui): Old
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- 現在形: ふるい (furui)
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- 否定形: ふるくない (furukunai)
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- 過去形: ふるかった (furukatta)
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- 否定過去形: ふるくなかった (furukunakatta)
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- **つまらない** (つまらない - tsumaranai): Boring
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- 現在形: つまらない (tsumaranai)
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- 否定形: つまらなくない (tsumaranakunai)
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- 過去形: つまらなかった (tsumaranakatta)
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- 否定過去形: つまらなくなかった (tsumaranakunakatta)
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- **あつい** (atsui): Hot
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- 現在形: あつい (atsui)
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- 否定形: あつくない (atsukunai)
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- 過去形: あつかった (atsukatta)
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- 否定過去形: あつくなかった (atsukunakatta)
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- **さむい** (samui): Cold
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- 現在形: さむい (samui)
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- 否定形: さむくない (samukunai)
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- 過去形: さむかった (samukatta)
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- 否定過去形: さむくなかった (samukunakatta)
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- **悪い** (わるい - warui): Bad
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- 現在形: わるい (warui)
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- 否定形: わるくない (warukunai)
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- 過去形: わるかった (warukatta)
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- 否定過去形: わるくなかった (warukunakatta)
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- **近い** (ちかい - chikai): Near
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- 現在形: ちかい (chikai)
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- 否定形: ちかくない (chikakunai)
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- 過去形: ちかかった (chikakatta)
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- 否定過去形: ちかくなかった (chikakunakatta)
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- **とおい** (tooi): Far
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- 現在形: とおい (tooi)
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- 否定形: とおくはない (tooku wa nai) / とおくない (tookunai)
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- 過去形: とおかった (tookatta)
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- 否定過去形: とおくはなかった (tooku wa nakatta) / とおくなかった (tookunakatta)
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- **多い** (おおい - ooi): Many
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- 現在形: おおい (ooi)
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- 否定形: おおくはない (ooku wa nai) / おおくなくない (ookukunai - less common but grammatically possible)
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- 過去形: おおかった (ookatta)
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- 否定過去形: おおくはなかった (ooku wa nakatta) / おおくなかった (ookunakatta)
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- **はやい** (hayai): Quick, fast
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- 現在形: はやい (hayai)
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- 否定形: はやくはない (hayaku wa nai) / はやくない (hayakunai)
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- 過去形: はやかった (hayakatta)
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- 否定過去形: はやくはなかった (hayaku wa nakatta) / はやくなかった (hayakunakatta)
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- **おそい** (osoi): Slow
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- 現在形: おそい (osoi)
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- 否定形: おそくはない (osoku wa nai) / おそくない (osokunai)
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- 過去形: おそかった (osokatta)
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- 否定過去形: おそくはなかった (osoku wa nakatta) / おそくなかった (osokunakatta)
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- **あたたかい** (atatakai): Warm
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- 現在形: あたたかい (atatakai)
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- 否定形: あたたかくない (atatakakunai)
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- 過去形: あたたかかった (atatakakatta)
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- 否定過去形: あたたかくなかった (atatakakunakatta)
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- **すずしい** (suzushii): Cool
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- 現在形: すずしい (suzushii)
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- 否定形: すずしくない (suzushikunai)
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- 過去形: すずしかった (suzushikatta)
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- 否定過去形: すずしくなかった (suzushikunakatta)
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- **あまい** (amai): Sweet
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- 現在形: あまい (amai)
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- 否定形: あまくない (amakunai)
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- 過去形: あまかった (amakatta)
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- 否定過去形: あまくなかった (amakunakatta)
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- **からい** (karai): Spicy
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- 現在形: からい (karai)
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- 否定形: からくない (karakunai)
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- 過去形: からかった (karakatta)
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- 否定過去形: からくなかった (karakunakatta)
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- **かるい** (karui): Light
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- 現在形: かるい (karui)
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- 否定形: かるくない (karukunai)
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- 過去形: かるかった (karukatta)
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- 否定過去形: かるくなかった (karukunakatta)
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- **重い** (おもい - omoi): Heavy
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- 現在形: おもい (omoi)
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- 否定形: おもくない (omokunai)
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- 過去形: おもかった (omokatta)
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- 否定過去形: おもくなかった (omokunakatta)
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- **難しい** (むずかしい - muzukashii): Difficult
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- 現在形: むずかしい (muzukashii)
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- 否定形: むずかしくない (muzukashikunai)
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- 過去形: むずかしかった (muzukashikatta)
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- 否定過去形: むずかしくなかった (muzukashikunakatta)
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- **よい** (yoi): Good (conjugation of the proper form of "good")
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- 現在形: よい (yoi)
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- 否定形: よくない (yokunai)
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- 過去形: よかった (yokatta)
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- 否定過去形: よくなかった (yokunakatta)
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**Note on とおい, 多い, はやい, おそい:**
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For these adjectives, the negative form using 「〜くはない」 is also common and natural. 「〜くない」 is also correct.
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**Example Sentences**
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- **今日は暑いですね。** (Kyou wa **atsui** desu ne.) - It's **hot** today, isn't it?
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- **私の部屋は狭いです。** (Watashi no heya wa **semai** desu.) - My room is **small**.
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- **あの人は親切な人です。** (Ano hito wa **shinsetsu na** hito desu.) - That person is a **kind** person. (**Note:** "親切な" is the な-adjective form modifying the noun "人" (hito - person).)
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- **このケーキは甘いです。** (Kono keeki wa **amai** desu.) - This cake is **sweet**.
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- **速い車が好きです。** (**Hayai** kuruma ga suki desu.) - I like **fast** cars. (**はやい** directly modifies the noun "車" (kuruma - car).)
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||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(25).md)
|
||||
|
||||
**な-形容詞 (な-けいようし - na-keiyoushi)**
|
||||
|
||||
**Rules for Conjugation:**
|
||||
|
||||
- Negative: Append "じゃありません" (ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past tense: Append "でした" (deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- Negative past tense: Append "じゃありませんでした" (ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- Require a linking verb (like です) when placed before a noun.
|
||||
|
||||
- **元気** (げんき - genki): Lively (in physical health)
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: げんきだ (genki da) / げんきです (genki desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: げんきじゃない (genki ja nai) / げんきじゃありません (genki ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: げんきだった (genki datta) / げんきでした (genki deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: げんきじゃなかった (genki ja nakatta) / げんきじゃありませんでした (genki ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **静か** (しずか - shizuka): Quiet
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: しずかだ (shizuka da) / しずかです (shizuka desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: しずかじゃない (shizuka ja nai) / しずかじゃありません (shizuka ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: しずかだった (shizuka datta) / しずかでした (shizuka deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: しずかじゃなかった (shizuka ja nakatta) / しずかじゃありませんでした (shizuka ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **有名** (ゆうめい - yuumei): Famous
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: ゆうめいだ (yuumei da) / ゆうめいです (yuumei desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: ゆうめいじゃない (yuumei ja nai) / ゆうめいじゃありません (yuumei ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: ゆうめいだった (yuumei datta) / ゆうめいでした (yuumei deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: ゆうめいじゃなかった (yuumei ja nakatta) / ゆうめいじゃありませんでした (yuumei ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **賑やか** (にぎやか - nigiyaka): Lively (as in atmosphere)
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: にぎやかだ (nigiyaka da) / にぎやかです (nigiyaka desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: にぎやかじゃない (nigiyaka ja nai) / にぎやかじゃありません (nigiyaka ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: にぎやかだった (nigiyaka datta) / にぎやかでした (nigiyaka deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: にぎやかじゃなかった (nigiyaka ja nakatta) / にぎやかじゃありませんでした (nigiyaka ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **綺麗** (きれい - kirei): Pretty, clean
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: きれいだ (kirei da) / きれいです (kirei desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: きれいじゃない (kirei ja nai) / きれいじゃありません (kirei ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: きれいだった (kirei datta) / きれいでした (kirei deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: きれいじゃなかった (kirei ja nakatta) / きれいじゃありませんでした (kirei ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **親切** (しんせつ - shinsetsu): Kind
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: しんせつだ (shinsetsu da) / しんせつです (shinsetsu desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: しんせつじゃない (shinsetsu ja nai) / しんせつじゃありません (shinsetsu ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: しんせつだった (shinsetsu datta) / しんせつでした (shinsetsu deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: しんせつじゃなかった (shinsetsu ja nakatta) / しんせつじゃありませんでした (shinsetsu ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **暇** (ひま - hima): Bored, free (time)
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: ひまだ (hima da) / ひまです (hima desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: ひまじゃない (hima ja nai) / ひまじゃありません (hima ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: ひまだった (hima datta) / ひまでした (hima deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: ひまじゃなかった (hima ja nakatta) / ひまじゃありませんでした (hima ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **便利** (べんり - benri): Convenient
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: べんりだ (benri da) / べんりです (benri desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: べんりじゃない (benri ja nai) / べんりじゃありません (benri ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: べんりだった (benri datta) / べんりでした (benri deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: べんりじゃなかった (benri ja nakatta) / べんりじゃありませんでした (benri ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **好き** (すき - suki): Likeable
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: すきだ (suki da) / すきです (suki desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: すきじゃない (suki ja nai) / すきじゃありません (suki ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: すきだった (suki datta) / すきでした (suki deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: すきじゃなかった (suki ja nakatta) / すきじゃありませんでした (suki ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **上手** (じょうず - jouzu): Skilled
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: じょうずだ (jouzu da) / じょうずです (jouzu desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: じょうずじゃない (jouzu ja nai) / じょうずじゃありません (jouzu ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: じょうずだった (jouzu datta) / じょうずでした (jouzu deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: じょうずじゃなかった (jouzu ja nakatta) / じょうずじゃありませんでした (jouzu ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **下手** (へた - heta): Unskilled
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: へただ (heta da) / へたです (heta desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: へたじゃない (heta ja nai) / へたじゃありません (heta ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: へただった (heta datta) / へたでした (heta deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: へたじゃなかった (heta ja nakatta) / へたじゃありませんでした (heta ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **簡単** (かんたん - kantan): Easy
|
||||
|
||||
- 現在形: かんたんだ (kantan da) / かんたんです (kantan desu)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定形: かんたんじゃない (kantan ja nai) / かんたんじゃありません (kantan ja arimasen)
|
||||
|
||||
- 過去形: かんたんだった (kantan datta) / かんたんでした (kantan deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- 否定過去形: かんたんじゃなかった (kantan ja nakatta) / かんたんじゃありませんでした (kantan ja arimasen deshita)
|
||||
|
||||
- **雨** (あめ - ame): Rain (Noun - no conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **いいてんき** (いい てんき - ii tenki): Good weather (Noun phrase - "いい" is an い-adjective, "天気" is a noun, no overall な-adjective conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **いい** (いい - ii): Good (い-adjective, already conjugated as present affirmative)
|
||||
|
||||
- **天気** (てんき - tenki): Weather (Noun - no conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **いい** (いい - ii): Good (い-adjective, already conjugated as present affirmative)
|
||||
|
||||
- **天気** (てんき - tenki): Weather (Noun - no conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **曇り** (くもり - kumori): Cloudy (Noun - can be used adjectivally with の, e.g., 曇りの日 - kumori no hi - cloudy day, but no typical な-adjective conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **雪** (ゆき - yuki): Snow (Noun - can be used adjectivally with の, e.g., 雪の日 - yuki no hi - snowy day, but no typical な-adjective conjugation)
|
||||
|
||||
**Note on Conjugation:**
|
||||
|
||||
な-adjectives use the copula 「だ」 (da) in casual speech and 「です」 (desu) in polite speech for the present affirmative. The negative, past, and negative past forms also have casual (「〜じゃない」「〜じゃなかった」) and polite (「〜じゃありません」「〜じゃありませんでした」) variations. I have provided both for completeness.
|
||||
|
||||
**Example Sentences**
|
||||
|
||||
- **彼は元気じゃありません。** (Kare wa **genki ja arimasen**.) - He is **not lively**. (Negative)
|
||||
|
||||
- **昨日は暇でした。** (Kinou wa **hima deshita**.) - Yesterday I was **bored** (or had free time). (Past tense)
|
||||
|
||||
- **そのテストは簡単じゃありませんでした。** (Sono tesuto wa **kantan ja arimasen deshita**.) - That test was **not easy**. (Negative past tense)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Next Weeks Number:
|
||||
|
||||
833 4517 2105
|
||||
|
||||
55463
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,892 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: ALL JAPANESE NOTES
|
||||
date: null
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Of course. Here are your Japanese language notes, organized by topic with clear markdown headings.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Grammar
|
||||
|
||||
### Parts of Speech
|
||||
|
||||
- **めいし (名詞)** - Noun
|
||||
|
||||
- **どうし (動詞)** - Verb
|
||||
|
||||
- **けいようし (形容詞)** - Adjective
|
||||
|
||||
- **じょし (助詞)** - Particle
|
||||
|
||||
- **しゅご (主語)** - Subject of a sentence
|
||||
|
||||
### Particles
|
||||
|
||||
- **か** - Placed at the end of a sentence to make it a question.
|
||||
|
||||
- **の** - Connects two nouns (Noun 1 + の + Noun 2), where Noun 1 modifies or describes Noun 2.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 僕**の**傘 (ぼくのかさ) - My umbrella.
|
||||
|
||||
- **に**
|
||||
|
||||
- Indicates a specific point in time (e.g., 七月**に** - in July; 午後七時**に** - at 7 pm).
|
||||
|
||||
- Indicates purpose when used with a verb stem (e.g., 泳ぎ**に**行きます - go to swim).
|
||||
|
||||
- Indicates location of existence with verbs like います/あります.
|
||||
|
||||
- **で** - Indicates the location where an action takes place or the means by which an action is done ("by").
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example (Location):* 図書館**で**本を読みます (としょかんでほんをよみます) - I read a book at the library.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example (Means):* 車**で**行きます (くるまでいきます) - I will go by car.
|
||||
|
||||
- **も** - Means "also" or "too." When used with location particles に and で, the particle comes first (e.g., 近郊**にも**行きます - I will also go to the suburbs).
|
||||
|
||||
- **が** - Marks the subject of a sentence, especially with existence verbs (います/あります) or for the object of liking/disliking with adjectives like 好き (suki).
|
||||
|
||||
- **を** - Marks the direct object of a verb.
|
||||
|
||||
### Verb Conjugations
|
||||
|
||||
#### て-form (Te-form)
|
||||
|
||||
The て-form is used to connect verbs, make requests, and in many other grammatical patterns. To convert a dictionary-form verb to its て-form, follow these rules based on the verb's final sound:
|
||||
|
||||
- Verbs ending in **う (u), つ (tsu), る (ru)** → change to **って (tte)**
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 会う (au) → 会って (atte); 待つ (matsu) → 待って (matte)
|
||||
|
||||
- Verbs ending in **ぬ (nu), む (mu), ぶ (bu)** → change to **んで (nde)**
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 飲む (nomu) → 飲んで (nonde)
|
||||
|
||||
- Verbs ending in **く (ku)** → change to **いて (ite)**
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 歩く (aruku) → 歩いて (aruite)
|
||||
|
||||
- Verbs ending in **ぐ (gu)** → change to **いで (ide)**
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 泳ぐ (oyogu) → 泳いで (oyoide)
|
||||
|
||||
- Verbs ending in **す (su)** → change to **して (shite)**
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 話す (hanasu) → 話して (hanashite)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Irregular Verbs:**
|
||||
|
||||
- する (suru) → して (shite)
|
||||
|
||||
- くる (kuru) → きて (kite)
|
||||
|
||||
**Usages of the て-form:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜てください** - Please do...
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜てもいいですか** - May I do...?
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜てはいけません / 〜てはだめです** - You must not do...
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜て〜て...** - To list activities in sequential order. The final verb in the sequence is not in て-form.
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜ています** - Present continuous tense (e.g., "I am doing...").
|
||||
|
||||
- **まだ + 〜ていません** - I haven't done... yet.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Non-Polite (Plain) Form
|
||||
|
||||
- **のむ** (nomu - to drink)
|
||||
|
||||
- Negative: のまない (nomanai)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past: のんだ (nonda)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past Negative: のまなかった (nomanakatta)
|
||||
|
||||
- **くる** (kuru - to come)
|
||||
|
||||
- Negative: こない (konai)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past: きた (kita)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past Negative: こなかった (konakatta)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ある** (aru - to exist, inanimate)
|
||||
|
||||
- Negative: ない (nai)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past: あった (atta)
|
||||
|
||||
- Past Negative: なかった (nakatta)
|
||||
|
||||
#### Potential Form ("Can do")
|
||||
|
||||
- **Godan Verbs (u-verbs):** Change the final "u" sound to an "e" sound.
|
||||
|
||||
- かく (kaku - to write) → かける (kakeru - can write)
|
||||
|
||||
- はなす (hanasu - to speak) → はなせる (hanaseru - can speak)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Ichidan Verbs (ru-verbs):** Remove the final る (ru) and add られる (rareru).
|
||||
|
||||
- たべる (taberu - to eat) → たべられる (taberareru - can eat)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Irregular Verbs:**
|
||||
|
||||
- する (suru - to do) → できる (dekiru - can do)
|
||||
|
||||
- くる (kuru - to come) → こられる (korareru - can come)
|
||||
|
||||
### Adjective Conjugations
|
||||
|
||||
#### い-Adjectives (i-keiyoushi)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Negative:** Replace い (i) with **くない (kunai)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Past:** Replace い (i) with **かった (katta)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Past Negative:** Replace い (i) with **くなかった (kunakatta)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Connecting (Te-form):** To link multiple い-adjectives, replace the final い (i) with **くて (kute)**. The final adjective in the list remains in its standard form.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 新しくて、安いです (atarashikute, yasui desu) - It's new and cheap.
|
||||
|
||||
#### な-Adjectives (na-keiyoushi)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Negative:** Add **じゃありません (ja arimasen)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Past:** Add **でした (deshita)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Past Negative:** Add **じゃありませんでした (ja arimasen deshita)**.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Connecting (Te-form):** To link multiple な-adjectives, add **で (de)** after the adjective. The final adjective in the list remains in its standard form.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 便利で、きれいです (benri de, kirei desu) - It's convenient and clean.
|
||||
|
||||
### Sentence Structures
|
||||
|
||||
- **Making Invitations:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜ませんか (masen ka?)** - Polite invitation ("Would you like to...?").
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜ましょう (mashō)** - Suggestion ("Let's...").
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜ましょうか (mashō ka?)** - Suggestion/Offer ("Shall we...? / Shall I...?").
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "I think..." (〜と思います)**: Place と思います (to omoimasu) after a phrase in the non-polite tense.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Nouns & な-Adjectives require だ (da).*
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 明日は雨**だ**と思います (Ashita wa ame da to omoimasu) - I think it will rain tomorrow.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Quoting Someone (〜と言います)**: Use 「 」(かぎかっこ - kagikakko) for direct quotes followed by と言います (to iimasu) or と言いました (to iimashita).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* Aさんは「かいぎはごごからです」と言いました - Mr. A said, "The meeting is from the afternoon."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing Reason (〜から / 〜ので)**: Both mean "because" or "so." ので (node) is generally more formal/polite than から (kara).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 仕事を遅くまでした**ので**、集会に遅れました (Shigoto o osoku made shita node, shūkai ni okuremashita) - Because I worked late, I was late to the meeting.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Making Comparisons:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **A の方が B より ADJ です** - A is more ADJ than B.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 日本語の方が英語より難しいです (Nihongo no hō ga eigo yori muzukashii desu) - Japanese is more difficult than English.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing Superlatives:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **[Category] の中で [Question Word] が一番 [ADJ] ですか?** - Within [Category], which/what/who is the most [ADJ]?
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 日本りょりの中でどれが一番美味しいですか?(Nihon ryōri no naka de dore ga ichiban oishii desu ka?) - Among Japanese food, which is the most delicious?
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing Intention (〜つもりです)**: Use a non-polite verb followed by つもりです (tsumori desu) to state you plan to do something.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 来年に英語のしけんを受ける**つもりです** - I plan to take the English exam next year.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "To Become" (〜になる / 〜くなる)**:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Noun / な-Adjective + になる**: To become a noun or na-adjective.
|
||||
|
||||
- **い-Adjective (stem) + くなる**: To become an i-adjective.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 薬を飲んで、元気**になりました** - I drank the medicine and became healthy.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* クーラーをつけて、寒**くなりました** - I turned on the A/C and it became cold.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "I want to..." (〜たい)**: Change the ます (masu) form of a verb to 〜たい (tai). Conjugates like an い-adjective.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Want to:** 食べたい (tabetai)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Don't want to:** 食べたくない (tabetakunai)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Wanted to:** 食べたかった (tabetakatta)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Didn't want to:** 食べたくなかった (tabetakunakatta)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing someone else wants (〜たがる)**: To describe observations of another person's desire.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 彼女はかばんを欲し**がっています** - She seems to want the bag.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Listing Activities Loosely (〜たり〜たりする)**: Lists example activities without a specific order. The verb form is たり (tari) for all items, ending with します/しました.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 週末は、本を読ん**だり**、映画を見**たり**します - On weekends I do things like read books and watch movies.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing Experience (〜たことがあります)**: Use the past tense (た-form) of a verb followed by ことがあります (koto ga arimasu).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 富士山に登っ**たことがあります** - I have the experience of climbing Mt. Fuji.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "Too much" (〜すぎる)**:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Verbs:** Add すぎる to the verb stem (e.g., 飲みます → 飲みすぎる).
|
||||
|
||||
- **Adjectives:** Add すぎる to the adjective stem (e.g., 高い → 高すぎる; 静か → 静かすぎる).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* ビールを飲み**すぎて**二日酔いです - I drank too much beer and have a hangover.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Giving Advice (〜方がいい)**: "It would be better to..."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Affirmative:** Past tense verb + 方がいい (hō ga ii).
|
||||
|
||||
- **Negative:** Negative verb + 方がいい (hō ga ii).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 休んだ**方がいい**ですよ - It would be better if you rested.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "Probably" (〜でしょう)**: Used for predictions, especially about the future (like weather).
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 明日は晴れる**でしょう** - It will probably be sunny tomorrow.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Listing Multiple Reasons (〜し)**: Used to list multiple reasons for a result.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* お金がない**し**、雨が降っている**し**、家で本を読みます - I have no money and it's raining, so I'll read a book at home.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Expressing "Seems to be..." (〜そうです)**: Used to describe an impression based on appearance.
|
||||
|
||||
- *Example:* 彼女は嬉し**そうです** - She seems happy.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Vocabulary
|
||||
|
||||
### Nouns
|
||||
|
||||
#### People & Titles
|
||||
|
||||
- **うんてんしゅ (運転手)** - Driver
|
||||
|
||||
- **おとしより (お年寄り)** - Elderly person
|
||||
|
||||
- **かいしゃいん (会社員)** - Office worker
|
||||
|
||||
- **かいたくしゃ (開拓者)** - Pioneer
|
||||
|
||||
- **きょうし (教師)** - Teacher (formal term)
|
||||
|
||||
- **きょうだい (兄弟)** - Spiritual Brother
|
||||
|
||||
- **しゃちょう (社長)** - Boss / Company President
|
||||
|
||||
- **せんせい (先生)** - Teacher (honorific)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちょうろ (長老)** - Elder
|
||||
|
||||
- **りきし (力士) / おすもうさん** - Sumo Wrestler
|
||||
|
||||
#### Places
|
||||
|
||||
- **いえ (家)** - House
|
||||
|
||||
- **おうこくかいかん (王国会館)** - Kingdom Hall
|
||||
|
||||
- **きょうしつ (教室)** - Classroom
|
||||
|
||||
- **きんこう (近郊)** - Suburbs
|
||||
|
||||
- **くうこう (空港)** - Airport
|
||||
|
||||
- **こうえん (公園)** - Park
|
||||
|
||||
- **しやくしょ (市役所)** - City Hall
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちかてつ (地下鉄)** - Subway
|
||||
|
||||
- **としょかん (図書館)** - Library
|
||||
|
||||
- **びじゅつかん (美術館)** - Art Museum
|
||||
|
||||
- **みんしゅく (民宿)** - Bed & Breakfast (like Airbnb)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆうびんきょく (郵便局)** - Post office
|
||||
|
||||
#### Time & Frequency
|
||||
|
||||
- **あさって (明後日)** - The day after tomorrow
|
||||
|
||||
- **いちにちじゅう (一日中)** - All day
|
||||
|
||||
- **いつ (itsu)** - When
|
||||
|
||||
- **おととい (一昨日)** - Two days ago
|
||||
|
||||
- **ごご (午後)** - Afternoon (PM)
|
||||
|
||||
- **こんど (今度)** - Next time
|
||||
|
||||
- **しあさって (明明後日)** - Two days after tomorrow
|
||||
|
||||
- **しちがつ (七月)** - July
|
||||
|
||||
- **しゅう (週)** - Week
|
||||
|
||||
- **しょうがつ (正月) / しんねん (新年)** - New Years
|
||||
|
||||
- **たいかんおんど (体感温度)** - "Feels like" temperature
|
||||
|
||||
- **としにいちど (年に一度)** - Once a year
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひるね (昼寝)** - Afternoon nap
|
||||
|
||||
- **まいしゅう (毎週)** - Every week
|
||||
|
||||
- **もうすぐ (mō sugu)** - Very soon
|
||||
|
||||
- **やすみ (休み)** - Holiday / Day off
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆうがた (夕方)** - Early evening
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆうね (夕寝)** - Evening nap
|
||||
|
||||
#### Food & Drink
|
||||
|
||||
- **ごはん (ご飯)** - Cooked rice / Meal
|
||||
|
||||
- **しお (塩)** - Salt
|
||||
|
||||
- **すきやき (すき焼き)** - Sukiyaki
|
||||
|
||||
- **にんじん (人参)** - Carrots
|
||||
|
||||
- **のこりもの (残り物)** - Leftovers
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひやしちゅうか (冷やし中華)** - Cold Ramen
|
||||
|
||||
- **やきにく (焼き肉)** - BBQ / Grilled meat
|
||||
|
||||
- **やしょく (夜食)** - Late night snack
|
||||
|
||||
#### Objects & Concepts
|
||||
|
||||
- **いさん (遺産)** - Heritage / Legacy
|
||||
|
||||
- **えんぴつ (鉛筆)** - Pencil
|
||||
|
||||
- **かばん (kaban)** - Bag
|
||||
|
||||
- **かみ (髪)** - Hair
|
||||
|
||||
- **きねんしき (記念式)** - Memorial / Commemoration
|
||||
|
||||
- **きもち (気持ち)** - Feeling
|
||||
|
||||
- **きょか (許可)** - Permission
|
||||
|
||||
- **くつ (靴)** - Shoes
|
||||
|
||||
- **くるま (車)** - Car
|
||||
|
||||
- **けいたい (携帯)** - Cell phone
|
||||
|
||||
- **こくばん (黒板)** - Blackboard
|
||||
|
||||
- **ことば (言葉)** - Word
|
||||
|
||||
- **じゅぎょう (授業)** - Class / Lesson
|
||||
|
||||
- **しごと (仕事)** - Job / Work
|
||||
|
||||
- **しつもん (質問)** - Question
|
||||
|
||||
- **しりょう (資料)** - Documents / Data
|
||||
|
||||
- **しんぶん (新聞)** - Newspaper
|
||||
|
||||
- **せいかつひ (生活費)** - Living expenses
|
||||
|
||||
- **せいしょ (聖書)** - Bible
|
||||
|
||||
- **せき (席)** - Seat
|
||||
|
||||
- **せんこう (専攻)** - Major (in school)
|
||||
|
||||
- **たいせい (体制)** - System / Structure
|
||||
|
||||
- **たばこ (tabako)** - Tobacco / Cigarette
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちゅうもん (注文)** - Order
|
||||
|
||||
- **つくえ (机)** - Desk
|
||||
|
||||
- **てぶくろ (手袋)** - Gloves
|
||||
|
||||
- **でんしゃ (電車)** - Train
|
||||
|
||||
- **でんわ (電話)** - Telephone
|
||||
|
||||
- **とけい (時計)** - Clock
|
||||
|
||||
- **にがて (苦手)** - Weak point / Something one is not good at
|
||||
|
||||
- **パソコン (pasokon)** - Personal computer
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひっこし (引越)** - Moving (house)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふね (船)** - Ship
|
||||
|
||||
- **ぼうし (帽子)** - Hat
|
||||
|
||||
- **みどり (緑)** - Greenery
|
||||
|
||||
- **めがね (megane)** - Glasses
|
||||
|
||||
- **りょこう (旅行)** - Trip / Travel
|
||||
|
||||
- **りょうり (料理)** - Cooking / Dish
|
||||
|
||||
- **リュックサック (ryukkusakku)** - Backpack
|
||||
|
||||
- **れきし (歴史)** - History
|
||||
|
||||
#### Nature & Animals
|
||||
|
||||
- **あき (秋)** - Autumn
|
||||
|
||||
- **かめ (亀)** - Turtle
|
||||
|
||||
- **きせつ (季節)** - Season
|
||||
|
||||
- **さかな (魚)** - Fish
|
||||
|
||||
- **てんき (天気)** - Weather
|
||||
|
||||
- **なつ (夏)** - Summer
|
||||
|
||||
- **はちゅうるい (爬虫類)** - Reptiles
|
||||
|
||||
- **はる (春)** - Spring
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふゆ (冬)** - Winter
|
||||
|
||||
- **むし (虫)** - Insect
|
||||
|
||||
- **もり (森)** - Forest
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆき (雪)** - Snow
|
||||
|
||||
### Verbs
|
||||
|
||||
#### Basic Actions
|
||||
|
||||
- **あう (会う)** - To meet
|
||||
|
||||
- **あきらめる (諦める)** - To give up
|
||||
|
||||
- **あるく (歩く)** - To walk
|
||||
|
||||
- **いう (言う)** - To say
|
||||
|
||||
- **いく (行く)** - To go
|
||||
|
||||
- **いる (要る)** - To need
|
||||
|
||||
- **うける (受ける)** - To attend / To take (an exam)
|
||||
|
||||
- **うんてんする (運転する)** - To drive
|
||||
|
||||
- **おくる (送る)** - To send
|
||||
|
||||
- **おくれる (遅れる)** - To be late
|
||||
|
||||
- **おしえる (教える)** - To teach / To tell
|
||||
|
||||
- **おく (置く)** - To put
|
||||
|
||||
- **およぐ (泳ぐ)** - To swim
|
||||
|
||||
- **かう (飼う)** - To keep / raise (a pet)
|
||||
|
||||
- **かかる (掛かる)** - To take (time/money)
|
||||
|
||||
- **かす (貸す)** - To lend
|
||||
|
||||
- **かりる (借りる)** - To borrow / To rent
|
||||
|
||||
- **きく (聴く)** - To listen
|
||||
|
||||
- **こわれる (壊れる)** - To break (intransitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **こわす (壊す)** - To break (transitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **さんかする (参加する)** - To participate
|
||||
|
||||
- **しめる (閉める)** - To close
|
||||
|
||||
- **しる (知る)** - To know
|
||||
|
||||
- **すう (吸う)** - To smoke / To inhale
|
||||
|
||||
- **する (suru)** - To do
|
||||
|
||||
- **そうじする (掃除する)** - To clean
|
||||
|
||||
- **たべる (食べる)** - To eat
|
||||
|
||||
- **たすける (助ける)** - To help (serious situation)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちがう (違う)** - To be different
|
||||
|
||||
- **つかう (使う)** - To use
|
||||
|
||||
- **つける (付ける)** - To turn on
|
||||
|
||||
- **つくる (作る)** - To make
|
||||
|
||||
- **てつだう (手伝う)** - To help (assist)
|
||||
|
||||
- **でかける (出かける)** - To go out
|
||||
|
||||
- **とまる (止まる)** - To stop
|
||||
|
||||
- **とめる (止める)** - To stop / To park
|
||||
|
||||
- **とる (撮る)** - To take (a photo)
|
||||
|
||||
- **なくす (無くす)** - To lose
|
||||
|
||||
- **ならう (習う)** - To learn (from a teacher)
|
||||
|
||||
- **なる (naru)** - To become
|
||||
|
||||
- **のむ (飲む)** - To drink
|
||||
|
||||
- **はなす (話す)** - To speak
|
||||
|
||||
- **はしる (走る)** - To run
|
||||
|
||||
- **はたらく (働く)** - To work
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひく (弾く)** - To play (a stringed instrument, piano)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふく (吹く)** - To play (a wind instrument) / To blow
|
||||
|
||||
- **まつ (待つ)** - To wait
|
||||
|
||||
- **むかえる (迎える)** - To welcome / To meet
|
||||
|
||||
- **もらう (morau)** - To receive
|
||||
|
||||
- **よむ (読む)** - To read
|
||||
|
||||
- **わかる (分かる)** - To understand
|
||||
|
||||
#### Transitive vs. Intransitive Verbs
|
||||
|
||||
- **あく (開く)** - To be open (intransitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **あける (開ける)** - To open (transitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **しまる (閉まる)** - To be closed (intransitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **しめる (閉める)** - To close (transitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **つく (付く)** - To be on (intransitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **つける (付ける)** - To turn on (transitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **こわれる (壊れる)** - To break (intransitive)
|
||||
|
||||
- **こわす (壊す)** - To break (transitive)
|
||||
|
||||
### Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
#### い-Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
- **あかるい (明るい)** - Bright
|
||||
|
||||
- **あたたかい (温かい)** - Warm
|
||||
|
||||
- **あたらしい (新しい)** - New
|
||||
|
||||
- **あつい (暑い)** - Hot (weather)
|
||||
|
||||
- **あまい (甘い)** - Sweet
|
||||
|
||||
- **いそがしい (忙しい)** - Busy
|
||||
|
||||
- **いたみ (痛い)** - Painful
|
||||
|
||||
- **うるさい (騒い)** - Noisy
|
||||
|
||||
- **おいしい (美味しい)** - Delicious
|
||||
|
||||
- **おおい (多い)** - Many
|
||||
|
||||
- **おおきい (大きい)** - Big
|
||||
|
||||
- **おそい (遅い)** - Slow
|
||||
|
||||
- **おもい (重い)** - Heavy
|
||||
|
||||
- **からい (辛い)** - Spicy
|
||||
|
||||
- **かるい (軽い)** - Light (weight)
|
||||
|
||||
- **かわいい (可愛い)** - Cute
|
||||
|
||||
- **さむい (寒い)** - Cold (weather)
|
||||
|
||||
- **しおからい (塩辛い)** - Salty
|
||||
|
||||
- **すずしい (涼しい)** - Cool (weather)
|
||||
|
||||
- **せがたかい (背が高い)** - Tall (height)
|
||||
|
||||
- **たかい (高い)** - High / Expensive
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちかい (近い)** - Near
|
||||
|
||||
- **ちいさい (小さい)** - Small
|
||||
|
||||
- **つまらない (tsumaranai)** - Boring
|
||||
|
||||
- **とおい (遠い)** - Far
|
||||
|
||||
- **はやい (速い)** - Fast / Quick
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふるい (古い)** - Old
|
||||
|
||||
- **ほしい (欲しい)** - Want (something)
|
||||
|
||||
- **むずかしい (難しい)** - Difficult
|
||||
|
||||
- **やさしい (優しい)** - Easy / Kind
|
||||
|
||||
- **やすい (安い)** - Cheap
|
||||
|
||||
- **よい (yoi) / いい (ii)** - Good
|
||||
|
||||
- **わるい (悪い)** - Bad
|
||||
|
||||
#### な-Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
- **かんたん (簡単)** - Easy / Simple
|
||||
|
||||
- **きれい (綺麗)** - Pretty / Clean
|
||||
|
||||
- **げんき (元気)** - Healthy / Lively
|
||||
|
||||
- **しずか (静か)** - Quiet
|
||||
|
||||
- **じょうず (上手)** - Skilled
|
||||
|
||||
- **しんせつ (親切)** - Kind
|
||||
|
||||
- **すき (好き)** - Likeable
|
||||
|
||||
- **たいへん (大変)** - Difficult / Hard
|
||||
|
||||
- **とくい (得意)** - Strong point / Good at
|
||||
|
||||
- **にぎやか (賑やか)** - Lively (atmosphere)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひま (暇)** - Free (time) / Bored
|
||||
|
||||
- **へた (下手)** - Unskilled
|
||||
|
||||
- **べんり (便利)** - Convenient
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆうめい (有名)** - Famous
|
||||
|
||||
#### Feelings of Like/Dislike (Scale)
|
||||
|
||||
- **だいすき (大好き)** - To love / like very much
|
||||
|
||||
- **すき (好き)** - To like
|
||||
|
||||
- **きらい (嫌い)** - To dislike
|
||||
|
||||
- **だいきらい (大嫌い)** - To hate / dislike very much
|
||||
|
||||
### Adverbs & Expressions
|
||||
|
||||
- **あまり (amari) + negative** - Not often
|
||||
|
||||
- **ぐらい (gurai) / ほど (hodo)** - About / Approximately
|
||||
|
||||
- **じゃあ (jā)** - Well then... / So...
|
||||
|
||||
- **じつは (実は)** - Actually
|
||||
|
||||
- **ずっと (zutto)** - Much / A lot (for comparisons)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ぜんぜん (zenzen) + negative** - Not at all / Never
|
||||
|
||||
- **たくさん (takusan)** - A lot / Plenty
|
||||
|
||||
- **たまに (tamani)** - Occasionally
|
||||
|
||||
- **ときどき (時々)** - Sometimes
|
||||
|
||||
- **まずい (mazui)** - Bad tasting / Awkward
|
||||
|
||||
- **まっすぐ (真っ直ぐ)** - Straight ahead
|
||||
|
||||
- **まあまあ (māmā)** - So-so
|
||||
|
||||
- **もういちど (もう一度)** - One more time
|
||||
|
||||
- **よく (yoku)** - Often
|
||||
|
||||
- **ゆっくり (yukkuri)** - Slowly
|
||||
|
||||
### Counting
|
||||
|
||||
#### General Counter (〜つ)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひとつ (一つ)** - One
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふたつ (二つ)** - Two
|
||||
|
||||
- **みっつ (三つ)** - Three
|
||||
|
||||
- **よっつ (四つ)** - Four
|
||||
|
||||
- **いつつ (五つ)** - Five
|
||||
|
||||
- **むっつ (六つ)** - Six
|
||||
|
||||
- **ななつ (七つ)** - Seven
|
||||
|
||||
- **やっつ (八つ)** - Eight
|
||||
|
||||
- **ここのつ (九つ)** - Nine
|
||||
|
||||
- **とお (十)** - Ten
|
||||
|
||||
- **いくつ (ikutsu)** - How many?
|
||||
|
||||
#### People (〜にん)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ひとり (一人)** - One person
|
||||
|
||||
- **ふたり (二人)** - Two people
|
||||
|
||||
- **さんにん (三人)** - Three people
|
||||
|
||||
- **よにん (四人)** - Four people
|
||||
|
||||
- **なんにん (何人)** - How many people?
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Phrases & Greetings
|
||||
|
||||
- **おはよう** - Good morning
|
||||
|
||||
- **よろしくお願いします (よろしくおねがいします)** - Nice to meet you / Please take care of me
|
||||
|
||||
- **おだいじに (お大事に)** - Take care (when someone is sick)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ただいま** - I'm home
|
||||
|
||||
- **おかえり** - Welcome back
|
||||
|
||||
- **いってきます** - I'm leaving
|
||||
|
||||
- **いってらっしゃい** - Have a good day / See you later
|
||||
|
||||
- **いただきます** - Said before eating
|
||||
|
||||
- **おなかがすきます** - I'm hungry
|
||||
|
||||
- **のどがかわきました** - I'm thirsty
|
||||
|
||||
- **なにがあったんですか?** - What happened?
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Cultural & Miscellaneous Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Cultural Notes
|
||||
|
||||
- **Rucksack:** The Japanese word for backpack, **リュックサック (ryukkusakku)**, comes directly from the German word "Rucksack."
|
||||
|
||||
- **苦手 (nigate) vs. 下手 (heta):**
|
||||
|
||||
- **苦手 (nigate)** - "Weak point." A subjective view someone has about their own abilities.
|
||||
|
||||
- **下手 (heta)** - "Unskilled." An objective view, often used to describe someone else's abilities.
|
||||
|
||||
- **結婚しています (kekkon shiteimasu):** In Japanese, being married is described as an ongoing state using the 〜ています form, unlike in English where "get married" is a one-time event.
|
||||
|
||||
### Administrative Info
|
||||
|
||||
- **Teacher:** Kakuta-san (based in Beijing)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Zoom/Payment Info:**
|
||||
|
||||
- 03/26/2025: 838 9008 0604 | 668
|
||||
|
||||
- 04/09/2025: 768 0333 4964 | 171836
|
||||
|
||||
- 04/23/2025: 833 4517 2105 | 55463
|
||||
|
||||
- 04/28/2025: 842 3914 4601 | 522778
|
||||
|
||||
- SWIFTコード:LTCBJPJT / LTCBJPJTHED
|
||||
|
||||
- SBI Shinsei Bank, LTD., HEAD OFFICE Branch
|
||||
|
||||
- Account: 400 2019287, Name: Shigeta Kakuta
|
||||
|
||||
- Address: #301 Senriyamasatsukibira, 18-2 Senriyama Takezono, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu 565-0852 Japan
|
||||
|
||||
- Payment: $150
|
||||
|
||||
- 05/05/2025: 862 2633 6175 | 22103
|
||||
|
||||
- 05/12/2025: 84399475549 | 95233
|
||||
|
||||
- 05/21/2025: 72195102577 | 88290
|
||||
|
||||
- 05/28/2025: 88626507956 | 73336
|
||||
|
||||
- Payment: $116.62
|
||||
|
||||
- 06/04/2025: 84335996063 | 784569
|
||||
|
||||
- 06/11/2025: 78590415279 | 9971004
|
||||
|
||||
- 06/16/2025: 73845262073 | 000238
|
||||
|
||||
- 06/25/2025: 87521766642 | 1130
|
||||
|
||||
- 07/02/2025: 83815179846 | 66351
|
||||
|
||||
- 07/09/2025: 83848704078 | 55301
|
||||
|
||||
- 07/16/2025: 83848704078 | 55301
|
||||
|
||||
- 07/23/2025: 83848704078 | 55301
|
||||
|
||||
- 08/04/2025: 74915888180 | 8823
|
||||
|
||||
- 08/13/2025: 88069936933 | 00065
|
||||
|
||||
- 08/20/2025: 89807623219 | 952
|
||||
|
||||
- 08/27/2025: 82984214242 | 46315
|
||||
|
||||
- 09/03/2025: 79674766584 | 0173
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 10/09/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-10-09'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[10/01/2025 - Japanese Class](Classes/10012025%20-%20Japanese%20Class.md)
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
選択の余地がない - Because we have no choice // Beggars can't be choosers
|
||||
|
||||
取る - To pass time
|
||||
|
||||
Has many many meanings
|
||||
|
||||
仮に - If, but only if talking about something that is going to be unlikely to happen. Stick at the beginning of the clause
|
||||
|
||||
予習 -> Preparation/Study
|
||||
復習 -> Review
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# If vs Even if
|
||||
|
||||
If - conjugate a verb to past tense and add ら after it, and that makes if it "if"
|
||||
|
||||
Even if - Conjugate the verb to て form, and add も after it
|
||||
|
||||
# Volitional Form Cont.
|
||||
|
||||
## More Examples
|
||||
|
||||
窓ををあげましょうか?
|
||||
|
||||
窓をあげようか?
|
||||
|
||||
お金をあげようか?
|
||||
|
||||
お金があげましょうか?
|
||||
|
||||
それは持ちましょうか?
|
||||
|
||||
それは持とうか‘?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Using in If/Then statements
|
||||
|
||||
年を取ったら、会社を辞めようと思います。
|
||||
|
||||
When the years have passed, I'll stop the company I think
|
||||
|
||||
If I'm old, I'll retire
|
||||
|
||||
年をとっても、会社を働こうと思います。
|
||||
|
||||
Even if I'm old
|
||||
|
||||
結婚したら、会社で働こうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
If I get married, I need to go work
|
||||
|
||||
This is apparently a common Japanese thinking.
|
||||
|
||||
卒業しても、勉強し続けようと思います
|
||||
|
||||
Even if I graduate, I think I'll continue studying
|
||||
|
||||
週末を晴れても、アルバイトに行こうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
Even if it is sunny on the weekend, I think I'll still go to work
|
||||
|
||||
年をとっても、プールで泳ごうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
Even if I'm old, I'll go swimming int he pool
|
||||
|
||||
日本語が上手になったら、日本で働こうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
If I become skilled at Japanese, I think I'll go work in japan
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## using in "I plan to..." Statements
|
||||
|
||||
来月に旅行に行こうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
I plan on travelling next month
|
||||
|
||||
今夜に本を読もうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
I think I'll read a book tonight
|
||||
|
||||
来月新し車を買おうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
I think I'll buy a new car next month
|
||||
|
||||
来年結婚しおうと思います
|
||||
|
||||
I think I'll get married next year
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# ~ておく -> Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
おく -> To put/To set
|
||||
|
||||
You can put おく after a て verb to indicate something was done in preperation.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Examples
|
||||
|
||||
パーティーのために、料理をしておきます
|
||||
|
||||
In preperation for the party, cooking was done
|
||||
|
||||
パーティーのために、掃除しておきます
|
||||
|
||||
In prep for the party, cleaning was done
|
||||
|
||||
パーティーのために、花を準備しておきます
|
||||
|
||||
In prep for the party, flowers were prepared
|
||||
|
||||
日本に行くために、持つを準備しておきます
|
||||
|
||||
In preparation of going to Japan, prepared stuff
|
||||
|
||||
会議のために、コピーを準備しておきます
|
||||
|
||||
For the meeting, prepare copies
|
||||
|
||||
集会のために、予習をしておきます
|
||||
|
||||
For the meeting, prepare by doing study
|
||||
|
||||
パーティーのために、食べ物を買っておきます
|
||||
|
||||
For the party, buy food
|
||||
|
||||
従業員のために、予習しておきます
|
||||
|
||||
For the class, I prepared for class
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 09/24/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-09-24'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[09/17/2025 - Japanese Class](Classes/09172025%20-%20Japanese%20Class.md)
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words & Phrases
|
||||
|
||||
緊張(きんちょう)します - Nervous
|
||||
|
||||
貯める -> ためる -> To Save (money)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# あげる vs くれる vs もらう
|
||||
|
||||
あげる -> To give Something | Giving something away
|
||||
|
||||
もらう -> To receive something | To be used if the person receiving is the subject.
|
||||
|
||||
くれる -> To get something, with the subject being the giver | To be used if the person giving is the subject
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(12).md)
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(13).md)
|
||||
|
||||
- AはBにプレゼントをあげます
|
||||
|
||||
- BはAにプレゼントをもらいます
|
||||
|
||||
- B says:「Aさんが、プレゼントを くれました」
|
||||
|
||||
- This one's weird. Its stating that the present was coming from A, not that A was the one receiving it.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# どうですか?
|
||||
|
||||
To make a suggestion using a verb, stick たら after a verb, then add どうですか。たら means "try to". This only works if they haven't already tried it, obviously. Use the verb stem, as たら would be a conjugation.
|
||||
|
||||
- 寝たら、どうですか? -> Try sleeping, what do you think?
|
||||
|
||||
- 薬をのんだら、どうですか? -> Have you tried drinking medicine?
|
||||
|
||||
- 休んだら、どうですか? -> Have you tried resting?
|
||||
|
||||
Sometimes you can cut どうですか、and just end it with たら・だら。
|
||||
|
||||
- 今日は学校を休んだら? -> Skipping school today
|
||||
|
||||
Can also say どう instead of どうですか, makes it more kind/less formal
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(14).md)
|
||||
|
||||
LOOK AT THESE KANJI MAN, WE CAN READ EM YEA?
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 10/01/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-10-01'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[09/24/2025 - Japanese Class](Classes/09242025%20-%20Japanese%20Class.md)
|
||||
|
||||
79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
着きます -> つきます -> To arrive
|
||||
|
||||
到着します -> とうちゃくします -> Arrival (Same as above but different way of saying it)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Asking How Long
|
||||
|
||||
You can ask about how much time something took or how long something is by using "どれぐらい" or "どのぐらい” in front of the activity or thing your asking about. Works for height, length, time,
|
||||
|
||||
どれぐらい寝ていますか? -> About how long did you sleep?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Surprised Responses
|
||||
|
||||
## も
|
||||
|
||||
Bit of a side note, but if your surprised about a response or shocked about it or something, you can say the response and add "も" after it. Its like your saying "wow thats a lot" after the number, but it does NOT apply to things that are "so few". (see later for that)
|
||||
|
||||
How long did you sleep? 12 Hours. 12 Hours!??
|
||||
|
||||
どれぐらい寝ていますか? 二十時間。二十時間も!
|
||||
|
||||
Can also add the rest of the sentence if you feel like it.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## しか
|
||||
|
||||
If your surprised for something being so few, you can use "しか”, much like ”も”, but the following verb has to be in negative tense. Actually very similar to "だけ”, but the verbs after だけ can be positive, but the verb after しか must be negative.
|
||||
|
||||
This college is only 30,000 yen. **Only** costs 30,000yen!?!
|
||||
|
||||
学費は三万円です。三万円**しか**かかりません!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# ませんか as an invitation / Volitional Form
|
||||
|
||||
This is used for an invitation, when inviting multiple people (including yourself), you can invite in two ways, polite and non-polite.
|
||||
|
||||
1. polite form is to stick ~ませんか at the end of a verb (or whatever the conjugation is).
|
||||
|
||||
2. non-polite is to just say the negative form of the verb, no か or nothing, just give a slight second tone inflection at the end to indicate its a question
|
||||
|
||||
明日は映画に行きませんか? Want to go see a movie tomorrow?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
In responding, there's also two ways to respond in kind
|
||||
|
||||
1. Polite Form -> Stick ましょう at the end of the verb
|
||||
|
||||
2. Non-Polite Form -> Use Volitional Form:
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(3).md)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- 今夜は焼き肉を食べませんか? 食べましょう!
|
||||
|
||||
- 今夜は焼き肉を食べない? 食べよう、いいね!
|
||||
|
||||
- この金曜日は飲みませんか?飲みましょう!
|
||||
|
||||
- この金曜日は飲まない?いいね、飲もう!
|
||||
|
||||
- 泳ぎませんか?泳ぎましょう!
|
||||
|
||||
- 泳がない?泳ごう!
|
||||
|
||||
126
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Grammar -tai and -tagaru Forms.md
Normal file
126
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Grammar -tai and -tagaru Forms.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 07/23/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-07-23'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
83848704078:55301
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ところで -> used to change topics, like "by the way"
|
||||
|
||||
予約 -> よやく-> Reservation/Booking
|
||||
|
||||
すく -> To become empty
|
||||
|
||||
旅行 -> りょこ -> Travel
|
||||
|
||||
さみしい -> Lonely (Ouch)
|
||||
|
||||
冷やし中華 -> Cold Ramen
|
||||
|
||||
どんな -> What Kind of....
|
||||
|
||||
どんな人 -> What Kind Of Person
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# I want to.... || -たい
|
||||
|
||||
Conjugate verb to -ます form, and then cut off the ます, and stick -たい at the end.
|
||||
|
||||
お腹がすいたので、らめんをたべたいです - My stomach has been emptied, so I want to eat Ramen
|
||||
|
||||
のどが渇いたので、水を飲みたいです - I'm thristy, so I want to drink water
|
||||
|
||||
仕事に疲れたので、旅行したいです - I'm tired because of work, so I want to go on a trip
|
||||
|
||||
晴れたので、外で遊びたいです - It's sunny today, so I want to play outside.
|
||||
|
||||
さみしいので、結婚したいです -> Because I'm lonely, I want to get married
|
||||
|
||||
*Bro same. I think he's onto us.* I doubt it. Probably.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### **To Ask:**
|
||||
|
||||
Just stick "なにを” before the verb and か at the end of the sentence. Also applies to other question words. Just a regular question sentence with -たい at the end
|
||||
|
||||
昼に何を食べたいですか? -> In the afternoon, what do you want to eat?
|
||||
|
||||
今どこかに行きたいですか? -> Where would you like to go now?
|
||||
|
||||
なにをしたいですか? -> What do you like to do?
|
||||
|
||||
どんな人と結婚したいですか?-> What kind of person do you want to marry?
|
||||
|
||||
*....Does he know?* He doesn't right. *THIS IS THE SECOND TIME.* I KNOW
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### **To Negate**
|
||||
|
||||
Instead of -たい、add -たくない
|
||||
|
||||
熱いので、外で遊びたくないです -> Because its hot, I don't want to play outside
|
||||
|
||||
仕事ので、旅行に行きたくないです -> I don't want to go on a trip because of work.
|
||||
|
||||
お腹がいっぱいですので、なにも食べたくない - I'm full, so I don't want to eat
|
||||
|
||||
悲しいので、何もしたくない -> I'm sad and I don't want to do anything
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### **To Make into Past Tense**
|
||||
|
||||
Instead of -たい, it turns into -たかった, and for negative, instead of -たくない, its -たくなかった
|
||||
|
||||
悲しかったので、何もしたくなかった -> She was sad, so she didn't want to do anything
|
||||
|
||||
お腹がいっぱいでしたので、何も食べたくなかったです - He was so full, he didn't want to eat anything
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### **For い-adjectives**
|
||||
|
||||
Replace the last い with "-たい”, or any of the other versions of it. For な-Adjectives, uh... I guess conjugate なる after it. See example I definitely didn't pull out of my butt.
|
||||
|
||||
ほしい -> ほしたい -> want to be wanted. I think.
|
||||
|
||||
便利になりたい -> want to become convenient?
|
||||
|
||||
Ok look there wasn't a lot of instruction on this one, ok? Just... never use adjectives ever again, problem solved, yea?
|
||||
|
||||
#### Using がる for い-Adj
|
||||
|
||||
So, がる is just a verb that means "to show signs of being", so we don't need to use "looks like they want to be ADJ" we can just use がる without that -た, becuase we're not saying they want to. So, it'd just be 暑がっています, or 欲しがっています, for looks like they are hot, or looks like they want something.
|
||||
|
||||
彼女はかばんを欲しがっています -> The girl wants the bag
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### **Talking about what somebody else wants**
|
||||
|
||||
Instead of -たい, its -たがる, but conjugated accordingly. Its usually a continuous feeling, so most of the time its -たがっています. Using this structure focuses more on our own observations/feelings about somebody else, rather then what is actually happening in their head.
|
||||
|
||||
彼は結婚したがっています -> He wants to get married
|
||||
|
||||
子供はおもちゃを欲しいがっています -> The child wants to have toys
|
||||
|
||||
大学生は旅行に行きたがっています -> The college student wants to go on a trip
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Talking about someone else, but making it negative
|
||||
|
||||
Same as above, but make it -たがっていません。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
83848704078:55301
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 07/28/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-07-28'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
83848704078:55301
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
乱れる -> みだれる -> Disturbed/Messy
|
||||
|
||||
洗濯する-> せんたくする -> Washing Clothes
|
||||
|
||||
掃除する -> そうじする -> Cleaning
|
||||
|
||||
魚釣り -> さかなつり -> Fishing
|
||||
|
||||
スキー -> Ski
|
||||
|
||||
洗車する -> せんしゃする -> To Clean Car
|
||||
|
||||
犬の散歩する -> いぬのさんぽする -> Walk the Dog
|
||||
|
||||
金閣寺 -> きんかくじ -> Golden Temple
|
||||
|
||||
茶道 -> さど -> Tea Ceremony
|
||||
|
||||
習う-> ならう -> To learn (with a teacher/coach/instructor)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# How to express a list of activities, without any particular order. (-たり)
|
||||
|
||||
Conjugate into -て form, and then kill て and replace with たり. Thsi applies to the entire list of things, including the last one. At the very end of the list, after the last -たり, stick します。
|
||||
|
||||
彼女は洗濯したり、掃除したり、テレビを見たり、ご飯を食べたり、買い物をしたりします
|
||||
She does the laundry, cleans, watches TV, cooks, and shops.
|
||||
|
||||
彼は山に登ったり、ゴルフをしたり、テレビをしたり、ご飯を食べたり、買い物をしたりします。He climbs mountains, plays golf, watches TV, eats, and shops.
|
||||
|
||||
彼は泳いだり、ビールを飲んだり、テレビを見たり、ご飯を食べたり、買い物をしたりしま
|
||||
He swims, drinks beer, watches TV, eats, and shops
|
||||
|
||||
Note: This is is just kind of a list, it doesn't have to be in order, at the same time, its more of like "for example..."
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# For Expressing a list of activities in order
|
||||
|
||||
This ones much easier, you just conjugate each verb to the -て form, except the last one
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Answering the question of things you want to do
|
||||
|
||||
You can use either of the above lists (probably -たり though) to answer, but instead of ending it with "します" with ”したいます”。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# To have the experience of.... (Past Tense + ことがあります)
|
||||
|
||||
SImply take a phrase in past tense, and stick "ことがあります" after it to say you had the experience of doing said thing.
|
||||
|
||||
富士山に登ったことがあります -> To have climbed Mnt Fuji
|
||||
|
||||
ゴルフをしたことがあります -> To have played golf
|
||||
|
||||
お茶を習ったことがあります -> I have studied tea ceremony.
|
||||
|
||||
有名人を見たごとがあります -> To see a famous person
|
||||
|
||||
相撲を見たことがあります -> I have seen sumo wrestling
|
||||
|
||||
馬に乗ったことがあります -> have ridden a horse
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
204
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Grammar Miru and Nara.md
Normal file
204
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Grammar Miru and Nara.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 09/08/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-09-08'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
次回: 79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
# RANDOM WORDS
|
||||
|
||||
ひれ酒 -> Sake that they stick fins in. *Yikes*
|
||||
|
||||
使いやすい -> easy to use
|
||||
|
||||
もみじ・こうよう・紅葉 -> Autumn Leaves
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Try To -> みる
|
||||
|
||||
When saying your trying to do something, you conjugate the verb your trying to do into て form, and then add みる at the end.
|
||||
|
||||
Note, this is NOT 見る, this is its own thing, just みる by itself.
|
||||
|
||||
新しいレストランに行ってみよう -> Let's go to a new restaurant
|
||||
|
||||
Notice the volitional form. Not required, but adds some flare
|
||||
|
||||
刺身を食べてみます -> I'll try the sashimi
|
||||
|
||||
彼女は服を着ってみます
|
||||
|
||||
この服は着って見ってもいいですか ->
|
||||
|
||||
この靴はサイズが合いますか?履いてみてもいいですか? -> Are these shoes the right size? Can I try them on?
|
||||
|
||||
この辞書は使いやすいですか?見てみてもいいですか?-> These shoes fit my size?
|
||||
|
||||
ピアノは音がいいですか?引いてみてもいいですか? -> Does the piano sound good? Can I play it?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# If / なら
|
||||
|
||||
The Japanese grammar point **なら (nara)** is a versatile conditional particle that expresses **hypothetical situations**, **contrasts**, or **provides information based on a premise**. It's often translated as "if," "if it's about," or "in that case."
|
||||
|
||||
Here's a breakdown of its main uses:
|
||||
|
||||
## 1. Conditional Statements (If...)
|
||||
|
||||
**なら** can be used to create conditional sentences, similar to **ば (ba)** or **たら (tara)**, but it often implies a more specific or hypothetical condition.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Structure:**
|
||||
|
||||
- Noun/な-adjective + なら
|
||||
|
||||
- い-adjective + なら (less common, usually the stem + なら)
|
||||
|
||||
- Verb (plain form) + なら
|
||||
|
||||
- **Meaning:** "If [condition] is true/happens, then..."
|
||||
|
||||
- So like, its an if/then statement type logic particle.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **時間があるなら**、手伝ってください。(Jikan ga **aru nara**, tetsudatte kudasai.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If** you have time, please help me."
|
||||
|
||||
- **雨なら**、家で映画を見ます。(**Ame nara**, ie de eiga o mimasu.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If** it's rain(ing), I'll watch a movie at home."
|
||||
|
||||
- **疲れているなら**、休みましょう。(**Tsukarete iru nara**, yasumimashou.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If** you are tired, let's rest."
|
||||
|
||||
- **日本へ行くなら**、お土産を買ってきてください。(**Nihon e iku nara**, omiyage o katte kite kudasai.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If** you go to Japan, please bring back souvenirs."
|
||||
|
||||
**Comparison with ば (ba) and たら (tara):**
|
||||
|
||||
- **ば (ba):** Tends to express more general, natural consequences or conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
- **たら (tara):** Often used for specific past events or completed actions as a condition.
|
||||
|
||||
- **なら (nara):** Frequently used when the condition is about a specific **topic** or **person**, or when introducing a **hypothetical scenario**.
|
||||
|
||||
## 2. Referring to a Specific Topic/Thing (If it's about...)
|
||||
|
||||
This is a very common use of **なら**. It's used to focus on a particular subject and then provide information related to it.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Structure:**
|
||||
|
||||
- Topic/Noun + なら
|
||||
|
||||
- **Meaning:** "If it's about [topic]," "Regarding [topic]," "When it comes to [topic]."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **寿司なら、** この店が一番おいしいです。(**Sushi nara**, kono mise ga ichiban oishii desu.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If it's about sushi / When it comes to sushi,** this restaurant is the most delicious."
|
||||
|
||||
- **田中さんのことなら、** 何でも知っていますよ。(**Tanaka-san no koto nara**, nandemo shitte imasu yo.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If it's about Mr./Ms. Tanaka,** I know everything."
|
||||
|
||||
- **この仕事なら、** 私に任せてください。(**Kono shigoto nara**, watashi ni makasete kudasai.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If it's this job / Regarding this job,** leave it to me."
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. Contrast or Alternative (Instead of...)
|
||||
|
||||
**なら** can sometimes imply a contrast or suggest an alternative.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Structure:**
|
||||
|
||||
- Option A + なら + Option B (or different action)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Meaning:** "If it's [Option A], then (but if not/alternatively) [Option B]."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Example:**
|
||||
|
||||
- 映画を見る**なら**、もっと静かな場所がいいです。(Eiga o miru **nara**, motto shizuka na basho ga ii desu.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "**If** you're going to watch a movie, a quieter place would be better." (Implies: but for other activities, a loud place might be okay.)
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Introducing Information or a Decision based on a Premise
|
||||
|
||||
**なら** can introduce a logical consequence or a decision made based on the preceding statement.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Structure:**
|
||||
|
||||
- Previous statement/premise + なら (followed by a new statement/decision)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Meaning:** "In that case," "Then," "So."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
- A: 「明日、仕事が休みです。」(Ashita, shigoto ga yasumi desu. - "Tomorrow, work is off.")
|
||||
B: 「**そうなら**、一緒に買い物に行きましょう。」(**Sou nara**, issho ni kaimono ni ikimashou. - "**In that case/Then,** let's go shopping together.")
|
||||
|
||||
- A: 「この本は面白くないです。」(Kono hon wa omoshirokunai desu. - "This book isn't interesting.")
|
||||
B: 「**なら**、他の本を借りましょう。」(**Nara**, hoka no hon o karimashou. - "**Then,** let's borrow another book.")
|
||||
|
||||
## Key Points to Remember:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Politeness:** **なら** itself is neutral. The politeness of the sentence depends on the verb or copula used at the end (e.g., です/ます for polite speech, plain form for casual speech).
|
||||
|
||||
- **Not for general truths:** While it can be conditional, **なら** is often less about natural laws (like "If you heat water, it boils") and more about specific hypothetical situations, topics, or decisions. For general truths, **と (to)** is more common.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Usage with pronouns:** **なら** can be used with pronouns like **そう (sou - like that)** and **それ (sore - that)** to refer back to a previous statement, as seen in "Sou nara" (In that case).
|
||||
|
||||
らめんが美味しいところがありますか? らめんならいちらんが美味しいですよ
|
||||
|
||||
Another common use of なら is answer a question by setting a limit on possible results. Kind of only means "only" here.
|
||||
|
||||
英語ができますか? -> 少しならできます
|
||||
Can you speak english? -> Only a little bit.
|
||||
|
||||
日本語が読みますか? -> ひらがななら読みます。
|
||||
Can you read Japanese? -> I can only read hiragana.
|
||||
|
||||
紅葉がいいところがありますか?紅葉なら京都が綺麗ところですよ
|
||||
|
||||
英語の先生なら大学にいますよ -> If english teachers, they are at University
|
||||
|
||||
山に登ろなら北海道がいいですよう ->
|
||||
|
||||
日本に行くなら刺身が食べたいです -> If I go to Japan, I want to eat sashimi.
|
||||
|
||||
北海道に行くならスキーがしたいです -> If I go to Hokkaido, I want to go skiing
|
||||
|
||||
いい人がいるなら結婚したいんです -> If I find a good person, I want to get married.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Discussing Intervals
|
||||
|
||||
週二回 -> Twice a week (LIT: week, two times)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
週二回英語を見ました -> Two times in a week I saw a movie
|
||||
|
||||
日三回ご飯を食べます -> Eat three times a day
|
||||
|
||||
日に二時間テレビを見ます -> Two hours
|
||||
|
||||
日に四時間本を読みます -> I read four hours a day
|
||||
|
||||
月何回運動しますか?
|
||||
|
||||
週に何時間勉強しますか? -> How many hours a week do you study?
|
||||
|
||||
年に何回旅行しますか? -> How many times a year do you travel?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
次回: 79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 08/13/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-08-13'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# General Words
|
||||
|
||||
乗り換え - のりかえ - Transfer (as in Travelling, transfer planes, etc.)
|
||||
|
||||
二日酔い - ふつかよい - Hangover
|
||||
|
||||
入院します - にゅういんします - To Enter Hospital
|
||||
|
||||
生活費 -> せいかつひ -> Living Expenses (Literally Life Cost)
|
||||
|
||||
費 -> ひ -> Can append to pretty much anything to show the cost of something
|
||||
|
||||
学費 -> School Costs, 旅費 -> Travel Costs
|
||||
|
||||
財布 -> さいふ -> Wallet
|
||||
|
||||
# すぎる - To Much
|
||||
|
||||
## Verbs
|
||||
|
||||
To use すぎる, conjugate verb to -ます form, and then delete ます, and add すぎる to the end, then conjugate すぎる to whatever tense it needs to be in.
|
||||
|
||||
Examples:
|
||||
|
||||
ビールを飲みすぎて二日酔いです - I drank too much beer and now I have a hangover
|
||||
|
||||
働きすぎて、入院します - I worked too hard and ended up in the hospital
|
||||
|
||||
お金を使いすぎて、財布輪からです -> I spent too much money and my wallet is empty.
|
||||
|
||||
歌いすぎて、のどが痛いです -> I sang too much and my throat hurts
|
||||
|
||||
冷たい水で泳ぎすぎて、入院します
|
||||
|
||||
## Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
### い - Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
Take the い off, and stick すぎる at the end. So 寒い turns into 寒すぎる.
|
||||
|
||||
泳いだ水が つめたすぎて、入院します。-> The water he swam in was so cold he was hospitalized.
|
||||
|
||||
買い物をしすぎて、財布が空です -> I've shopped too much and my wallet is empty
|
||||
|
||||
生活費は高すぎて、財布が空です -> The cost of living is too high and my wallet is empty
|
||||
|
||||
### な-Adjectives
|
||||
|
||||
For な Adjectives, just kill the な after it, and replace with すぎる
|
||||
|
||||
きれいな -> きれいすぎる
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 方がいい -> It'd be better to...
|
||||
|
||||
Stick 方がいいですよ after a verb to advise somebody to do it.
|
||||
|
||||
## Affirmative
|
||||
|
||||
For affirmative verbs, advising someone to do something, the verb needs to be in regular affirmative past tense, then stick the above after it.
|
||||
|
||||
休んだほうがいいですよ -> It'd be better if you rested
|
||||
|
||||
勉強した方がいいですよ -> You'd better study
|
||||
|
||||
沖縄に行ったほうがいいですよ -> it'd be better to go to Okinawa
|
||||
|
||||
## Negative
|
||||
|
||||
For Negative verbs, advising somebody not to do something, just conjugate to to present negative standard form
|
||||
|
||||
働かないほうがいいですよ -> It'd be better not to work
|
||||
|
||||
夜中にゲームをしない方がいいですよ -> You shouldn't play games late at night
|
||||
|
||||
飲みに行かない方がいいですよ -> You'd better not go drinking
|
||||
|
||||
沖縄に行かない方がいい -> It'd be better to not go to Okinawa
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
88069936933:00065
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 10/22/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-10-22'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[10/16/2025 - Japanese Class](Classes/10162025%20-%20Japanese%20Class.md)
|
||||
|
||||
79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
ひどい -> Terrible/Serious (Used with Weather
|
||||
|
||||
羨ましい -> うらましい -> Enviable/Jelous, but as an Adj
|
||||
|
||||
ごちそう する -> To invite to and treat to a meal (at a restraint, or at their house, wherever)
|
||||
|
||||
ご馳走してくれてありがとうございました。-> Thank you for treating me to a meal
|
||||
|
||||
手続き -> てつづき -> Procedure
|
||||
|
||||
探す -> さがす -> To search for things
|
||||
|
||||
紹介(しょうかい)する -> To introduce
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Using くれます after a verb
|
||||
|
||||
Person doing it for you+ は + 私に + Verb in て form + くれます
|
||||
|
||||
Used if somebody is doing the verb for you. 私に is often ommited, so need for it most of the time.
|
||||
|
||||
Remember くれます is if somebody is giving something to you
|
||||
|
||||
### Examples
|
||||
|
||||
先生は私に日本語を教えてくれます
|
||||
The teacher to me teaches Japanese
|
||||
|
||||
Aさんは 私を 駅に 送ってくれます。
|
||||
A-san for me to the stations takes.
|
||||
|
||||
Aさんは綿火の車を直してくれます
|
||||
A-san fixed my car for me
|
||||
|
||||
彼は私にこのかばんを買ってくれます。
|
||||
He, for me, this bag, bought (for me)
|
||||
|
||||
誰かが私たちにごちそうしてくれます
|
||||
Somebody for us treated us to a meal
|
||||
|
||||
私が入社したとき誰かは仕事を手伝ってくれます
|
||||
When I entered the company, somebody with my helped me
|
||||
|
||||
姉妹はレンタカーの手続きを手伝ってくれました。
|
||||
Sister with rental car procedure helped me
|
||||
|
||||
兄弟は、食料品店で、食べ物を探すのを手伝ってくれました。
|
||||
Kyōdai wa, shokuryōhin-ten de, tabemono o sagasu no o tetsudatte kuremashita.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Using あげます after a verb
|
||||
|
||||
Person your doing it for + に + Verb in て form + あげます
|
||||
|
||||
Used if your doing something for somebody.
|
||||
|
||||
Remember あげます is you doing something for somebody. Opposite of the notes that came above.
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(40).md)
|
||||
|
||||
Be careful what market you put after the person your doing it for, it'll depend on the verb being used after.
|
||||
|
||||
Use に if we're doing the action that doesn't really involve the person. Cooking for them and presenting the results. Similar to using the English "to that person" instead of "for that person"
|
||||
|
||||
However if the action does involve the person, like taking them somewhere, or doing something physical with them where they would be the subject of the verb at hand, use を.
|
||||
|
||||
### Examples
|
||||
|
||||
私は友達に料理してあげます
|
||||
I for my friend cook
|
||||
|
||||
先生はAさんに日本語を教えてあげます
|
||||
The teacher to A-san teaches Japanese
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 09/17/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-09-17'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
複雑 -> ふくざつ -> Complicated
|
||||
|
||||
探し -> さがし -> Search (As in the search for a job)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# To Want Something -> ~が欲しいです
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to say you want a noun or something, you can say the noun, and then stick ~が欲しいです after it, saying THING is wanted.
|
||||
|
||||
- お金が欲しいです -> おかねがほしい
|
||||
|
||||
- 中古車が欲しいです
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Replacing items with の
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(23).md)
|
||||
|
||||
You can use の to replace a noun that was mentioned before. This is actually a completely separate grammar point, but it can be used in tandem here.
|
||||
|
||||
- 便利なのが欲しいです
|
||||
|
||||
- 早いのが欲しいです
|
||||
|
||||
- 綺麗なのが欲しい
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Negating (Saying you don't want things)
|
||||
|
||||
Change the 欲しい to 欲しくない.
|
||||
|
||||
- 彼女は高い車が欲しくないです
|
||||
|
||||
- 彼は遅いのが欲しくないです
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Might Be.... -> ~かもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
Kamoshiremasen (かもしれません) means "maybe" or "might" and is used to express possibility or uncertainty in Japanese.
|
||||
|
||||
It often conveys a low degree of certainty, and has a lower probability then phrases like でしょう.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### How to Use
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You simply attach かもしれません to the end of a verb, noun, or adjective. It's an easy way to show that something is probable but not certain.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Etymology
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase ***kamoshiremasen*** **(かもしれません)** is a compound of three parts:
|
||||
|
||||
- ***Ka*** **(か):** This is the interrogative particle that turns a statement into a question. You might know it from sentences like "Is it?" or "Did you go?"
|
||||
|
||||
- ***Mo*** **(も):** This is an inclusive particle that means "even" or "also."
|
||||
|
||||
- ***Shiremasen*** **(しれません):** This is the polite, negative potential form of the verb ***shiru*** **(知る)**, which means "to know." So, *shiremasen* literally means "cannot know."
|
||||
|
||||
Putting it all together, the original and very literal meaning of ***kamoshiremasen*** is something like:
|
||||
|
||||
**"Even if it is [the case], it cannot be known."**
|
||||
|
||||
#### Common Attachments:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Verbs:** Attach to the plain form (dictionary form, ない-form, た-form).
|
||||
|
||||
- 行く (iku - to go) → 行くかもしれません (iku kamoshiremasen) "Maybe I'll go."
|
||||
|
||||
- 食べた (tabeta - ate) → 食べたかもしれません (tabeta kamoshiremasen) "Maybe I ate it."
|
||||
|
||||
- **Nouns:** Attach directly to the noun.
|
||||
|
||||
- 雨 (ame - rain) → 雨かもしれません (ame kamoshiremasen) "It might be rain."
|
||||
|
||||
- **い-Adjectives:** Attach directly to the adjective.
|
||||
|
||||
- 寒い (samui - cold) → 寒いかもしれません (samui kamoshiremasen) "It might be cold."
|
||||
|
||||
- **な-Adjectives:** Attach the "plain" form of the adjective (without な).
|
||||
|
||||
- 静か (shizuka - quiet) → 静かかもしれません (shizuka kamoshiremasen) "It might be quiet."
|
||||
|
||||
It’s often used in daily conversation to make a guess or a cautious statement.
|
||||
|
||||
#### **Example Sentences:**
|
||||
|
||||
- 田中さんは来ないかもしれません。 (Tanaka-san wa konai kamoshiremasen.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "Mr. Tanaka might not come."
|
||||
|
||||
- この本は面白いかもしれませんね。 (Kono hon wa omoshiroi kamoshiremasen ne.)
|
||||
|
||||
- "This book might be interesting, don't you think?"
|
||||
|
||||
- 熱があります。風邪かもしれませんし、インフルエンザかもしれませんし。
|
||||
|
||||
- 曇りですから、雪が降るかもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
- Because it's cloudy, show might balling
|
||||
|
||||
- テストがわかりませんでしたから、テストに落ちたかもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
- Because I didn't understand the test, maybe I fell (failed) in the test
|
||||
|
||||
- 彼は最近早く帰りますから、彼女がいるかもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
- Because he's been returning early, maybe there's a woman
|
||||
|
||||
- 一週間熱がありますから、悪い病気かもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
- 電車が遅いですから、故障かもしれません
|
||||
|
||||
- Because the train is late, maybe because of a break down.
|
||||
|
||||
98
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Noun Modification.md
Normal file
98
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Noun Modification.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 10/16/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-10-16'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[10/09/2025 - Japanese Class](Classes/10092025%20-%20Japanese%20Class.md)
|
||||
|
||||
79674766584:0173
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Random Words
|
||||
|
||||
高齢化 -> こうれいか -> Ageing Population
|
||||
|
||||
予約 -> よやく -> Reserve (used with する)
|
||||
|
||||
予習 -> よしゅう -> To Study for Class (used with する)
|
||||
|
||||
復習 -> ふくしゅう -> Review (used with する)
|
||||
|
||||
軽自動車 けいじどうしゃ-> K-Car
|
||||
|
||||
普通自動車 ふつうじどうしゃ -> Regular Car
|
||||
|
||||
普通 -> ふつう -> Regular (な-Adj)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Noun Modification
|
||||
|
||||
Two individual sentences:
|
||||
|
||||
これはシャツです。去年買いました。
|
||||
|
||||
Combined, but wrong:
|
||||
|
||||
これは去年買いましたシャツです
|
||||
|
||||
We need to turn any polite verbs into regular tense:
|
||||
|
||||
これは去年買ったシャツです。
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(19).md)
|
||||
|
||||
Summarized:
|
||||
|
||||
- For nouns, use の or じゃない to connect
|
||||
|
||||
- For い-adj, just stick in on
|
||||
|
||||
- For な-adj, use な to connect
|
||||
|
||||
- for Verbs, conjugate to regular tense then stick it on
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Main point
|
||||
|
||||
Using the structures above, the main idea is to describe whatever noun your trying to talk about, using the following structure:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**これは + Describing sentence following rules above + Noun itself + です**
|
||||
|
||||
# Examples
|
||||
|
||||
これは私が毎日使うパソコンです
|
||||
|
||||
This is a computer I use every day
|
||||
|
||||
これはパーティーでもらったワインです
|
||||
|
||||
I got this wine at a party
|
||||
|
||||
武田さんは今本を読んでいる人ですね
|
||||
|
||||
Takeda-san is the person reading a book
|
||||
|
||||
いとうさんは予習しているひとです
|
||||
|
||||
Itou is the one that's studying
|
||||
|
||||
はやしさんはいま疲れている人です
|
||||
|
||||
Hayashi is the one that is tired
|
||||
|
||||
これは、彼女が作った料理です。
|
||||
|
||||
As for this, this is the food the girl made
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
102
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Potential Verbs Grammar.md
Normal file
102
20-Knowledge/Classes/Japanese Potential Verbs Grammar.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 08/27/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-08-27'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# RANDOM WORDS
|
||||
|
||||
大雨 -> おおあま -> Big Rain
|
||||
|
||||
小雨 -> こさめ -> Small rain
|
||||
|
||||
春雨 -> はるさめ -> Spring Showers
|
||||
|
||||
秋雨 -> あきさめ -> Fall Showers
|
||||
|
||||
五月雨 -> さみだれ -> May Showers
|
||||
|
||||
梅雨 -> つゆあめ -> Rainy Season
|
||||
|
||||
スコール -> Squall -> Strong, Sudden winds
|
||||
|
||||
量 -> りょう -> Amount
|
||||
|
||||
交通量 -> こうつうりょう -> Traffic Amount
|
||||
|
||||
渋滞する -> じゅうたいする -> Traffic jam
|
||||
|
||||
お大事に -> おだいじに -> Take Care
|
||||
|
||||
修理する -> しゅうりする -> To Repair
|
||||
|
||||
修理 -> Repair. Lit: Repair Reason
|
||||
|
||||
飼う -> かう -> To keep/raise/rear (pets)
|
||||
|
||||
両替する -> りょうがえする -> To exchange money
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Potential Verbs
|
||||
|
||||
These are verbs like "can do something" , like "can swim" or "can eat"
|
||||
|
||||
For Godan verbs, turn the ending kana "u" to its "e" variant, then stick normal verb endings at it.
|
||||
|
||||
かく-> かける -> To write -> Can Write
|
||||
|
||||
- 漢字がかけます -> I can write Kanji
|
||||
|
||||
- 日本語を話せます
|
||||
|
||||
- 彼女はピアノを弾けます
|
||||
|
||||
- 日本語を読めます
|
||||
|
||||
- 英語で話せません
|
||||
|
||||
- 自転車に乗れます
|
||||
|
||||
- 走れます
|
||||
|
||||
- 僕は自分で車を治せます
|
||||
|
||||
- 日本語学校で日本人と話せます
|
||||
|
||||
- 家でペットを飼えます
|
||||
|
||||
For Ichidan verbs, remove る and replace with られる
|
||||
|
||||
食べる-> 食べられる -> To Eat -> Can Eat
|
||||
|
||||
- 刺身が食べられません -> I can not eat Sashimi
|
||||
|
||||
- 携帯で地図を見られます -> By the phone, the maps I can see
|
||||
|
||||
For Special verbs:
|
||||
|
||||
する -> できる. Yes, its that verb
|
||||
|
||||
- 彼はりょりができます
|
||||
|
||||
- 僕は自分で車を修理できます
|
||||
|
||||
- 電車を運転できません
|
||||
|
||||
くる -> こられる
|
||||
|
||||
- 明日は日本に来られません -> I can't come to Japan tomorrow.
|
||||
|
||||
As a question:
|
||||
|
||||
- 図書館で何をできます? -> What can you do at the library?
|
||||
|
||||
- 安いパソコンはどこで買えますか? -> Where can I buy a cheap computer?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
82984214242:46315
|
||||
|
||||
4 class for me, 4 class for austin
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Classes
|
||||
title: 04/16/2025 - Japanese Class
|
||||
date: '2025-04-16'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# **I. Basic Vocabulary:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **授業 (じゅぎょう) - Jugyō:** Class (as in a lesson or course)
|
||||
|
||||
- **席 (せき) - Seki:** Seat
|
||||
|
||||
- **かばん - Kaban:** Bag (general term for briefcase, purse, etc.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **記念式 (きねんしき) - Kinen-shiki:** Memorial (often refers to a ceremony or commemoration)
|
||||
|
||||
- **教室 (きょうしつ) - Kyōshitsu:** Classroom (literally "teaching room")
|
||||
|
||||
- **教師 (きょうし) - Kyōshi:** Teacher (literally "teaching person" - used when introducing yourself, not the honorific "先生 - sensei")
|
||||
|
||||
- **黒板 (こくばん) - Kokuban:** Blackboard
|
||||
|
||||
- **リュックサック (ryukkusakku):** Backpack
|
||||
|
||||
- The Japanese word **リュックサック (ryukkusakku)** comes directly from the German word **"Rucksack."**
|
||||
|
||||
- **鉛筆 (えんぴつ) - Enpitsu:** Pencil
|
||||
|
||||
- **パソコン (pasokon):** Personal computer
|
||||
|
||||
- **テレビ (terebi):** Television
|
||||
|
||||
- **開拓者 (かいたくしゃ) - Kaitaku-sha:** Pioneer
|
||||
|
||||
# **II. Counting (General Counter - つ - tsu):**
|
||||
|
||||
- **一つ (ひとつ) - Hitotsu:** One (thing)
|
||||
|
||||
- **二つ (ふたつ) - Futatsu:** Two (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **三つ (みっつ) - Mittsu:** Three (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **四つ (よっつ) - Yottsu:** Four (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **五つ (いつつ) - Itsutsu:** Five (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **六つ (むっつ) - Muttsu:** Six (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **七つ (ななつ) - Nanatsu:** Seven (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **八つ (やっつ) - Yattsu:** Eight (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **九つ (ここのつ) - Kokonotsu:** Nine (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十 (とお) - Tō:** Ten (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十一個 (じゅういっこ) - Jū-ikko:** Eleven (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十二個 (じゅうにこ) - Jū-niko:** Twelve (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十三個 (じゅうさんこ) - Jū-sanko:** Thirteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十四個 (じゅうよんこ) - Jū-yonko:** Fourteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十五個 (じゅうごこ) - Jū-goko:** Fifteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十六個 (じゅうろっこ) - Jū-rokko:** Sixteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十七個 (じゅうななつ/じゅうしちこ) - Jūnanatsu/Jūshichiko:** Seventeen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十八個 (じゅうはちこ) - Jū-hachiko:** Eighteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十九個 (じゅうきゅうこ/じゅうくこ) - Jū-kyūko/Jū-kuko:** Nineteen (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **二十 (にじゅう) - Nijū:** Twenty (things)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Note:** For numbers 11-19, you generally combine the number ten (十 - jū) with the counter -こ (-ko) for general counting. For 17 and 19, both "-nanatsu" and "-shichiko" (for 17), and "-kyūko" and "-kuko" (for 19) are possible, though "-ko" is more common in modern usage for these higher numbers.
|
||||
|
||||
# **III. Times of Day:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **午後 (ごご) - Gogo:** Afternoon (PM)
|
||||
|
||||
- **午後は二時に帰りました (ごご は にじ に かえりました) - Gogo wa niji ni kaerimashita:** I returned home at two in the afternoon.
|
||||
|
||||
- **昼寝 (ひるね) - Hirune:** Nap (specifically taken in the afternoon)
|
||||
|
||||
- **昼寝しませんでした、でも夕寝しました (ひるね しませんでした、でも ゆうね しました) - Hirune shimasen deshita, demo yūne shimashita:** I didn't take an afternoon nap, but I did take an evening nap.
|
||||
|
||||
- **夕寝 (ゆうね) - Yūne:** Nap (taken in the evening)
|
||||
|
||||
- **夕方 (ゆうがた) - Yūgata:** Early evening (around sunset)
|
||||
|
||||
- **夕方に夕寝しました (ゆうがた に ゆうね しました) - Yūgata ni yūne shimashita:** I took a nap in the early evening.
|
||||
|
||||
- **今日は (きょうは) - Kyō wa:** Today
|
||||
|
||||
- **今日はsweet teaを飲みませんでした、でも水だけ飲みました (きょう は sweet tea を のみませんでした、でも みず だけ のみました) - Kyō wa sweet tea o nomimasen deshita, demo mizu dake nomimashita:** I didn't drink sweet tea today, but I only drank water.
|
||||
|
||||
# **IV. Other Vocabulary and Grammar:**
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(35).md)
|
||||
|
||||
- **いくつか (ikutsu):** How many
|
||||
|
||||
- **教室はカバンをふたつあります (きょうしつ は カバン を ふたつ あります) - Kyōshitsu wa kaban o futatsu arimasu:** There are two bags in the classroom. (Note: The particle は - wa - marks the topic, and を - o - marks the direct object.)
|
||||
|
||||
- 教室 **(きょしつ) - Kyōshitsu:** Classroom
|
||||
|
||||
- 教室**に教師がいます (きょしつ に きょうし が います) - Kyōshitsu ni kyōshi ga imasu:** The teacher is in the classroom. (Note: The particle に - ni - indicates the location where the teacher exists, and が - ga - marks the subject.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **テレビは**教室**の左にあります (テレビ は きょしつ の ひだり に あります) - Terebi wa kyoshitsu no hidari ni arimasu:** The television is to the left of the room. (Note: の - no - connects nouns, and に - ni - indicates the location.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **外 (そと) - Soto:** Outside
|
||||
|
||||
- **外は犬がいます (そと は いぬ が います) - Soto wa inu ga imasu:** There is a dog outside. (Note: は - wa - marks the topic.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **時計 (とけい) - Tokei:** Clock
|
||||
|
||||
- **時計は黒板の上にあります (とけい は こくばん の うえ に あります) - Tokei wa kokuban no ue ni arimasu:** The clock is on the blackboard. (Note: の - no - connects nouns, and 上に - ue ni - means "on top of".)
|
||||
|
||||
- **机 (つくえ) - Tsukue:** Desk
|
||||
|
||||
- **リュックサックは机の上にあります (リュックサック は つくえ の うえ に あります) - Ryukkusakku wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu:** The backpack is on the desk.
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜があります (〜があります) - ~ ga arimasu:** There is/are (for inanimate objects)
|
||||
|
||||
- **鉛筆は二つがあります (えんぴつ は ふたつ が あります) - Enpitsu wa futatsu ga arimasu:** There are two pencils.
|
||||
|
||||
- **明日は星があります (あした は ほし が あります) - Ashita wa hoshi ga arimasu:** Tomorrow there is service (likely referring to a religious service, "星" - hoshi - meaning "star" is unusual here and might be a misunderstanding or specific local term. It's more likely referring to 奉仕 (ほうし - hōshi) meaning service, especially religious service. However, sticking to the note: "Tomorrow there is service.")
|
||||
|
||||
- **明日は仕事もあります (あした は しごと も あります) - Ashita wa shigoto mo arimasu:** Tomorrow there is also work.
|
||||
|
||||
- **明日は学校もあります (あした は がっこう も あります) - Ashita wa gakkō mo arimasu:** Tomorrow there is also school.
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜にいます (〜にいます) - ~ ni imasu:** There is/are (for animate objects)
|
||||
|
||||
- **パソコンは先生の前にあります (パソコン は せんせい の まえ に あります) - Pasokon wa sensei no mae ni arimasu:** The computer is in front of the teacher. (Note: 前に - mae ni - means "in front of".)
|
||||
|
||||
- **残り物 (のこりもの) - Nokorimono:** Leftovers
|
||||
|
||||
- **今日は残り物を食べました (きょう は のこりもの を たべました) - Kyō wa nokorimono o tabemashita:** I ate leftovers today.
|
||||
|
||||
- **も (mo):** Also
|
||||
|
||||
- **カフェにいきます (kafe ni ikimasu):** I will go to a cafe.
|
||||
|
||||
- **近郊にも行きます (きんこう に も いきます) - Kinkō ni mo ikimasu:** I will also go to the suburbs. (Note: 近郊 - kinkō - means suburbs or nearby area. The particle に - ni - indicates the destination.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **図書館で本を読みます (としょかん で ほん を よみます) - Toshokan de hon o yomimasu:** I will read a book at the library. (Note: で - de - indicates the place where the action occurs.)
|
||||
|
||||
- **うちでも本を読みます (うち で も ほん を よみます) - Uchi de mo hon o yomimasu:** I will also read a book at home.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Grammar Note on も (mo) with Location Particles:** When using も (also) with location particles に (to/at) and で (at/in), the particles に and で come *before* も. This indicates "also to this place" or "also at this place."
|
||||
|
||||
.png)
|
||||
[image](Images/image%20(38).md)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ぐらい (gurai):** About, approximately (placed after a specific quantity or time)
|
||||
|
||||
- **ほど (hodo):** About, approximately (similar to ぐらい but often used in more formal writing)
|
||||
|
||||
- **どれぐらい (dore gurai):** How much / How long / How many (used when asking about an approximate amount or duration)
|
||||
|
||||
- **〜ています (〜te imasu):** Present continuous tense (indicates an ongoing action or state)
|
||||
|
||||
- **十年ぐらいしています (じゅうねん ぐらい しています) - Jūnen gurai shite imasu:** I have been doing it for about ten years. (The "it" depends on the context of the conversation.)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Next Time
|
||||
|
||||
87661187013 - 2485
|
||||
|
||||
1381
20-Knowledge/Pages/Bachelors Degree Program Notes.md
Normal file
1381
20-Knowledge/Pages/Bachelors Degree Program Notes.md
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
292
20-Knowledge/Pages/Okinawa English Teaching Job Guide.md
Normal file
292
20-Knowledge/Pages/Okinawa English Teaching Job Guide.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Page
|
||||
title: Getting a Job
|
||||
description: null
|
||||
icon: null
|
||||
createdAt: '2025-07-15T01:17:27.772Z'
|
||||
creationDate: 2025-07-15 10:17
|
||||
modificationDate: 2025-07-21 10:33
|
||||
tags: []
|
||||
coverImage: null
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## The Process of Getting an English Teaching Job in Japan (Okinawa Specifics)
|
||||
|
||||
The general process typically involves these steps:
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Research & Identify School Types:** Understand the different types of English teaching jobs available.
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Prepare Your Application Documents:** Tailor your resume/CV and cover letter.
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Job Search & Application:** Actively look for openings and apply.
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Interviews:** Prepare for online or in-person interviews.
|
||||
|
||||
5. **Visa Sponsorship & Paperwork:** Secure your visa.
|
||||
|
||||
6. **Relocation & Arrival:** Plan your move.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Research & Identify School Types in Okinawa
|
||||
|
||||
Okinawa, like the rest of Japan, has several types of institutions that hire English teachers:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Eikaiwa (English Conversation Schools):** These are private language schools.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Pros:** Often have continuous hiring, provide structured lessons, sometimes offer training. Many hire from overseas.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cons:** Can have long or irregular hours, classes might be large, focus is on conversation rather than deeper teaching. Examples popular in Japan include ECC, AEON, Gaba. Smaller, local Eikaiwa are also abundant in Okinawa.
|
||||
|
||||
- **JET Programme (Japan Exchange and Teaching Programme):** Government-sponsored program for Assistant Language Teachers (ALTs) in public schools.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Pros:** Excellent pay and benefits, cultural exchange focus, strong support system, unique experience.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cons:** Highly competitive, application window is usually in **September-November for the following July/August**. Placement is nationwide, so while you can request Okinawa, it's not guaranteed.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Dispatch Companies:** These companies hire ALTs and dispatch them to public elementary, junior high, and high schools.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Pros:** Less competitive than JET, relatively stable hours (school day), often the easiest entry into public schools.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cons:** Lower pay than JET, fewer benefits, less job security (contract renewed yearly), sometimes limited involvement in curriculum. Major dispatch companies operating in Okinawa include Interac, Altia Central, Borderlink.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Private Schools (Kindergarten, Elementary, Junior High, High School):** Direct hire by private institutions.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Pros:** Good pay and benefits, more teaching autonomy, often more professional teaching environments.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cons:** Highly competitive, require strong qualifications (your teaching degree is a big plus here!), often prefer teachers already in Japan with experience.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Universities/Colleges:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Pros:** Excellent pay, benefits, research opportunities, professional environment, lighter teaching load.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cons:** Highly competitive, usually require an MA/PhD, significant teaching experience, and publications. Your Bachelor's in Neuroscience could be an asset if combined with further study in a related field.
|
||||
|
||||
**For Okinawa specifically:** The demand for Eikaiwa and dispatch ALTs is consistent. There are also many local Okinawan private schools. Due to the significant U.S. military presence, there are also opportunities at international schools (e.g., Okinawa Christian School International, Kubasaki High School, Kadena High School etc.) on the bases, though these often require U.S. teaching licenses and specific experience. However, your teaching degree is still a major asset for these.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Prepare Your Application Documents
|
||||
|
||||
- **Resume/CV:**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Format:** Typically 1-2 pages, clear, concise. Japanese companies appreciate neatness and professionalism.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Content:** Highlight your Bachelor's in Teaching (mention your practicum/student teaching if applicable), your Neuroscience degree (showcases academic rigor), and your TESOL certification. Emphasize any experience working with children or in educational settings, even if not formal teaching.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Photo:** A professional passport-style photo is often expected on Japanese resumes.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cover Letter:** Tailor each letter to the specific school/company. Express your enthusiasm for teaching English in Japan, specifically Okinawa, and how your skills and qualifications (especially your teaching degree) make you a strong candidate.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Letters of Recommendation:** Have 2-3 professional references ready.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Transcripts/Certificates:** Have digital and physical copies of your degrees and TESOL ready.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Best Ways to Find a Job in Okinawa
|
||||
|
||||
Given your qualifications, here are the most effective strategies:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Online Job Boards (Most Common & Effective):**
|
||||
|
||||
- **GaijinPot Jobs:** One of the most popular sites for foreigners seeking jobs in Japan. Many Eikaiwa and dispatch companies post here. You can filter by location (Okinawa).
|
||||
|
||||
- **Daijob.com:** More professional jobs, but worth checking for private school or higher-level Eikaiwa roles.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Jobs in Japan:** Similar to GaijinPot.
|
||||
|
||||
- **ELT News:** A good resource for more academic/private school postings, though less frequent for entry-level.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Indeed Japan:** Growing in popularity for English teaching jobs.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Specific Company Websites:** Directly check the career pages of major Eikaiwa (AEON, ECC, Gaba, Berlitz) and dispatch companies (Interac, Altia Central, Borderlink) as they often recruit year-round.
|
||||
|
||||
- **JET Programme:** If you're looking for a public school setting and are flexible with exact location within Japan (with a strong preference for Okinawa), this is a fantastic option. **Be aware of the application timeline (typically Fall for summer departure).**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Direct Approach (for Private Schools/Smaller Eikaiwa):**
|
||||
|
||||
- Search online for "private schools Okinawa" or "Eikaiwa Okinawa."
|
||||
|
||||
- Many smaller, local schools might not advertise on big job boards but will have websites. You can often send a direct inquiry with your resume and cover letter. Your teaching degree will make you stand out here.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Networking:** If you know anyone already in Okinawa, leverage their network. Online communities (e.g., Facebook groups for "English Teachers in Okinawa" or "Expats in Okinawa") can also be valuable for tips and leads.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Recruitment Agencies:** Some agencies specialize in placing English teachers in Japan. Do your research to ensure they are reputable.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Interviews
|
||||
|
||||
- Most initial interviews will be conducted online (Skype, Zoom).
|
||||
|
||||
- Be prepared to discuss your teaching philosophy, classroom management, and why you want to live and work in Okinawa.
|
||||
|
||||
- Research the company/school thoroughly.
|
||||
|
||||
- Have questions ready for them.
|
||||
|
||||
- Demonstrate enthusiasm and cultural awareness.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Visa Sponsorship & Paperwork
|
||||
|
||||
- **Crucial Point:** You **cannot** just show up in Japan and look for work. You need a valid work visa **before** you arrive.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Sponsorship:** The vast majority of legitimate English teaching jobs will offer visa sponsorship. This means the school/company handles the bulk of the paperwork with Japanese immigration on your behalf.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Required Documents:** You'll typically need your original degree, TESOL certificate, official transcripts, passport, and various forms provided by the company. Some might require a criminal background check.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Processing Time:** Visa processing can take several weeks to a few months.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Relocation & Arrival
|
||||
|
||||
- **Accommodation:** Some Eikaiwa provide initial accommodation or help finding it. Dispatch companies often assist. Research housing costs in Okinawa; they can vary.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cost of Living:** Okinawa generally has a lower cost of living than major cities like Tokyo or Osaka, but it's still Japan, so plan your budget carefully.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Flights:** Book your flight after your visa is confirmed.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Initial Expenses:** Have funds for initial living expenses, rent deposits, utilities, and setting up your new life.
|
||||
|
||||
## Your Strengths and How to Leverage Them
|
||||
|
||||
- **Bachelor's in Teaching:** This is a huge asset! It sets you apart from many candidates who only have a bachelor's in another field and a TESOL. Highlight your pedagogical knowledge, classroom management skills, and experience with curriculum development. This makes you particularly attractive to private schools and can give you an edge with dispatch companies and even JET.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Neuroscience Degree:** This showcases your academic prowess, analytical skills, and potentially an interest in how people learn. While not directly teaching-related, it speaks to your intellectual capabilities. You could briefly mention an interest in educational psychology stemming from this background, if relevant to a specific role.
|
||||
|
||||
- **TESOL Certification:** This is the standard entry requirement for most English teaching jobs in Japan. It demonstrates you've had training specifically for teaching English as a second language.
|
||||
|
||||
**Best Way to Find a Job with Your Profile:**
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Prioritize the JET Programme Application (if timing allows):** Given your teaching degree, you're a very strong candidate for JET. If the application window is open (usually September-November), definitely apply. The benefits and experience are unparalleled.
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Actively Apply to Dispatch Companies (Interac, Altia Central, Borderlink):** Your teaching degree will make you a prime candidate for ALTs. These companies are usually hiring year-round.
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Search GaijinPot and Daijob.com for Eikaiwa and Private School Roles:** Filter heavily for Okinawa. Your teaching degree might open doors at more reputable Eikaiwa or direct-hire private schools that want teachers with formal training.
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Explore International Schools (if U.S. licensed or eligible):** While competitive, your teaching degree makes you a stronger candidate for these if you can meet other requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
Start your job search well in advance, as the process for Japan (especially visa sponsorship) takes time. Good luck! Okinawa is a beautiful place to live and teach.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[https://perfectchaosrei.livejournal.com/234841.html](https://perfectchaosrei.livejournal.com/234841.html)
|
||||
|
||||
[https://www.aeonet.com/recruiting-locations](https://www.aeonet.com/recruiting-locations)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
おはようございます!
|
||||
|
||||
僕の名前はSpencer Grimes、沖縄に十月に移住するつもりです。教師の仕事を探しています。ぼくは中等教育の学士号、TESOL教員資格を持ち、九千時間以上の教育経験を持っています。僕の日本語はまあまあ、でも言語を学ぶのが好きです。中国語も話します。僕は母国語である英語でも書き、より詳しい内容を述べます。
|
||||
|
||||
Greetings!
|
||||
As stated above, my name is Spencer Grimes, and I am planning to move to Okinawa in October on a tourist visa, and am looking for a teaching position. I am American, and currently live in the United States. I already have plans to be in Okinawa from October to December (On the Tourist Visa), but am looking to make it a permanent move. As I mentioned above, I have a Bachelors Degree in Secondary Education, minoring in Neuroscience, A TESOL Certificate accompanied with a 120 Hour course on various teaching methods specifically on teaching language, and over 9000 hours of teaching experience as a volunteer teacher since 2013.
|
||||
|
||||
I am requesting Visa Sponsorship, but am also perfectly happy with a part time or full time position, I think part time would actually be a bit better, if that's possible. I am planning on living around 沖縄市 or 宜野湾市, but that's not set in stone. If I am somebody you might be interested in hiring, I would be more then happy to meet with you, or provide more information, any forms or degrees, or anything else I can help with.
|
||||
|
||||
お時間をいただきありがとうございました!
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
mimichanclub@gmail.com -
|
||||
|
||||
info@gvokinawa.com -
|
||||
|
||||
job.info@redroof.jp - Failed to Send
|
||||
|
||||
info@studyandinternjapan.com - Unable to Sponsor Visas
|
||||
|
||||
contact@skolaworld.com -
|
||||
|
||||
max21@m1.cosmos.ne.jp - Failed to Send
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- From Robbie:
|
||||
|
||||
Sure thing, I’ll call you later to brainstorm something.
|
||||
|
||||
I do know one thing that I can help you save some time. Mostly people get hired for teaching jobs in January to prep for the April start of school year.
|
||||
|
||||
A brother just left. He tried his best to find a job and couldn’t.
|
||||
|
||||
He did the same as you. Got the qualifications. Still nothing for him.
|
||||
|
||||
There’s a big difference though. He is married, you guys are single. Easier on the visa side.
|
||||
|
||||
But I would also consider getting an American remote work job and applying for the Japanese study visa. You can have it for up to 2/3 years I think.
|
||||
|
||||
Yes, but if the business thinks is too much of a hassle to get yours and your wife’s visa. They prefer not to even start the process.
|
||||
|
||||
I’d ask ChatGPT about that. I know a 100% American lady that came with a student visa, started a business, now she has business visa.
|
||||
|
||||
Just know that regarding work, is way better to find something there and come with student visa.
|
||||
|
||||
You need to understand one point. Getting the visa is a big hassle for a company, because they’re responsible for you. If you mess up, they’ll have a problem.
|
||||
|
||||
Also there’s already hundreds of qualified people living here. (By qualified I mean they’re native English speakers)
|
||||
|
||||
Waaaaaaay better trying to find something in IT that your skills will make a way bigger difference.
|
||||
|
||||
There are brothers that although they don’t have any Japanese blood in them, they’re single yet they live in Japan. Got the visa from work.
|
||||
|
||||
One works at traders office.
|
||||
|
||||
Other works for Subaru on the art concept.
|
||||
|
||||
Other works for an IT firm.
|
||||
|
||||
Those are the ones I know.
|
||||
|
||||
Hum…it will be way easier to find something when you’re here too.
|
||||
|
||||
I personally would through the Japanese study visa. You need Japanese to enter the job market anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
If you can sustain yourself while learning Japanese that would be good.
|
||||
|
||||
I’m messaging because this is something you can comeback to and read again. This might be Jehovah talking to you, not me.
|
||||
|
||||
I mean, is better than getting your heart broken. It was rough seeing the brother here looking for work for 3 months straight and not find anything
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Daily Text July 16th -
|
||||
|
||||
> 1 Cor 3:20 - And again: “Jehovah knows that the reasonings of the wise men are futile."
|
||||
|
||||
> Psalms 94:11 - Jehovah knows the thoughts of men,
|
||||
That they are but a mere breath.+
|
||||
|
||||
We got ahead of ourselves, and had to be reminded to sit down, shut up, and see the salvation of Jehovah. Our prayers today were not of asking to go to Okinawa. They were just asking for Reina, in whatever form that happens. Jehovah knows what is best for us, and for her, and what needs to happen. Personally, I do believe that Reina and I ending up together would be best for both of us. Not because I am confident in myself, but because I know, and have proven the lengths I am wiling to go for her, and an undying loyal love. Jehovah hears our prayers, and can read our hearts. We trust him to take care of us both, in the best way possible.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Jehovah knows best.
|
||||
|
||||
Douglas Westmore - Teacher at Orchard Road English. For some reason, likes me and wants to help me get a job. Trust this man with our lives, for he has been sent by Jehovah.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, talked to Robbie. Apparently, getting to Okinawa is not only very, very difficult, but also a dream of many, and has driven some other witnesses to desperation. Make no mistake though. Okinawa is not our goal, it is simply a stepping stone. Our goal is Reina. I don't know why Jehovah decided to help us, out of everyone else. If Jehovah has decided to help us, then we will very gratefully accept his help, and will appreciate him for it, will thank him for it, give him our undying loyalty, and love him for it. These are promises. Never forget these.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
List of Okinwa Work Life Requests:
|
||||
|
||||
Must Haves:
|
||||
|
||||
- No Army Contracts
|
||||
|
||||
I know this one's a bit weird, but I'll explain. As I mentioned before, we are bible teachers and our primary reason for coming to Okinawa in the first place would be to further that work. The bible is also rather pointed in the whole "Love your Neighbor" and "Do not kill" departments, and as such, we would be unable to take part in anything that would contribute to that. What I mean by all of this, is anything that would require us to sign up for and be considered part of the military, from our understanding of bible principles and our consciences, we decided that we would not be able to do. Now, there are also things like going on base to help with kids there, and stuff like that. These are very different then actually being part of the military, and I'd be far more open to these kind of things, but probably best to consider case by case basis. It's more about not directly supporting any military actions, or giving the appearance that I am, something like that. Sorry for the confusing explanation.
|
||||
|
||||
- Wednesday Nights and Weekends off
|
||||
|
||||
I've got existing meetings on Wednesday nights and the weekends that I want to make sure I'm there for
|
||||
|
||||
Nice to Haves:
|
||||
|
||||
- Part time, maybe?
|
||||
|
||||
I know this one is a bit of a stretch, but may as well mention it. My goal in Okinawa is not to make money. I'll also probably keep a few web development contracts if I can. If I can make enough to live a simple life, I'm perfectly content with that, and that seems to be much easier to do in Japan, then it is in America. All that being said, I know there has to be a certain amount of money you have to make in order to even be considered for a VISA application, I think its something around 180k-200k円, and we'd likely be helping with children, not rocket scientists (although that'd be fun to), so not being full time is pretty much unavoidable. But, if by some chance we're able to hit that amount only working a few days a week, I'd be very grateful.
|
||||
|
||||
- Fridays Off
|
||||
|
||||
Kind of pigging backing off the last few, my goal is to continue to be able to teach the bible to those who are interested in learning, and the main days for that in Okinawa are Friday-Sunday, so if I'm able to have those off, that'd be great. But, I know there's also certain paygrades to reach and all that, which is why this is in the "Nice to Haves" section.
|
||||
|
||||
- Location
|
||||
|
||||
I think where we'd like to end up living in pretty central in the island, around Ginowan or Okinawa City. A lot of the positions we were seeing open were in some of those areas, but also a lot in Naha. Closer to home would be better, because less driving is always better then more driving, but this is pretty low on the "nice to haves". If we have to drive an hour to work every day, then so be it.
|
||||
|
||||
104
20-Knowledge/Pages/Okinawa Packing List.md
Normal file
104
20-Knowledge/Pages/Okinawa Packing List.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
type: Page
|
||||
title: Okinawa Packing List
|
||||
description: null
|
||||
icon: null
|
||||
createdAt: '2025-09-15T17:53:52.412Z'
|
||||
creationDate: 2025-09-16 02:53
|
||||
modificationDate: 2025-09-16 03:06
|
||||
tags: []
|
||||
coverImage: null
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# **Clothing**
|
||||
|
||||
#### **Casual Wear**
|
||||
|
||||
- **T-shirts** (7-10)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cargo Pants** (3-4 pairs)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Light Jacket** (1)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Swimsuits** (2-3)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Socks & Underwear** (7-10 pairs of each)
|
||||
|
||||
#### **Formal & Business Casual Wear**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Suits** (2)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Button-down shirts** (5-7)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Slacks** (3-4 pairs)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Ties & Accessories** (3-5 ties, a belt)
|
||||
|
||||
### **Shoes**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Comfortable Sneakers/Walking Shoes**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Slip-on Shoes**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Dress Shoes** (1-2 pairs)
|
||||
|
||||
### **Electronics**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Laptop, Tablet, Phone**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Steam Deck, Controller, Steam Deck Dock**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Headphones, Xreal Airs**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Bluelight Glasses**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Wireless Mouse**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Wrist Brace**
|
||||
|
||||
- **USB-C Chargers** (the high-wattage ones)
|
||||
|
||||
- **USB-C Cables** (enough for all devices)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# **Important Documents & Finances**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Passport and Visa**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cash**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Credit/Debit Cards**
|
||||
|
||||
- **International Driving Permit**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Printed copies of important documents** (and digital copies on phone)
|
||||
|
||||
# **Toiletries & Health**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Prescription Medications**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Sunscreen** (SPF 50+)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Insect Repellent (Probably buy there?)**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Deodorant**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Basic First-Aid Kit**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Robbie's Medicine**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Hand Sanitizer**
|
||||
|
||||
# **Cultural Considerations & Other Items**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Lightweight, compact umbrella**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Reusable hand towel or handkerchief**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Small backpack or day bag**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Wallet**
|
||||
|
||||
- **Leave-in space for souvenirs**
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user